台灣原住民文化應用於T恤之創作研究-以泰雅族為例

在台灣這塊美麗的土地，擁有豐富的文化特質。有台灣原住民文化、客家文化、閩南文化以及中國傳統文化。在這些多元歷史背景的交錯下，產生出台灣獨特的文化特質，也造就台灣文化強韌的包容力。近年政府推動台灣文化創意產業後，讓許多台灣傳統的民俗文化又再次出現於大眾面前，不但建構國家型典藏機構，更是積極舉辦文化創意競賽，提倡並加強一般大眾與學術界對於台灣文化的重視與了解。其中，台灣原住民一直是近年許多研究者在探討的對象，由於現今台灣民眾對於台灣原住民的認知僅有悅耳的好嗓音、狩獵、出草、小米酒、矮靈祭、豐年祭、飛魚際等印象；一方面台灣隨著一窩蜂現象，易受到國外不同風潮文化的影響，導致我們漸漸忽略了台灣本身具有重要特色的文化。本研究以泰雅族為研究對象，以T恤設計的插圖呈現泰雅族的藝術文化，如：紋面傳統、織布、原住民音樂、木雕文化及原住民創意T恤等。以及瞭解台灣原住民的人文風情與生活情景，結合於T恤上。本研究之重點分析為（1）過去實施政策太偏重於漢人的思維，在推廣原住民創意產業時與原本期待落差很大（2）許多業者為趕搭風潮，圖案過度套用售商品上吸引消費者購買（3）T恤圖案重複性太高，較缺乏原創性（4）T恤版型避免過於誇張，以符合一般大眾的版型為主（5）尋找原住民創意T恤自我風格的特色。台灣原住民在過去沒有任何的文字記載，所有文獻資料都是學者經由田野調查，在原住民部落長者的口述說明中取得的真貴資訊。而在原住民織物上所表現的圖紋和色彩配置，雖然看起來是很簡單的圖形，但是每個圖紋、色彩，都是遠古時代祖先流傳下來的文化精神。台灣原住民一直扮演著很重要的角色，也是現今研究學者一直在做深入探討的對象。原住民有屬於自己的文化特色、生活方式和風俗習慣。從T恤圖案中，從中得知台灣原住民各族的神話故事，神話故事擁有台灣原住民特有的文化與歷史經驗，從神話故事的內涵和特質，可以得知祖先的啟示，以口傳延續文化精神。本研究藉由以上文獻資料，蒐集泰雅族代表性的神話故事、圖紋、色彩、紋面和織物等重要資訊，提供設計者或是研究原住民相關訊息的研究者參考方向。

關鍵字

台灣原住民文化；泰雅族；插畫； T恤設計

並列摘要

In the beautiful Taiwan, there is abundant cultural traits, there is indigenous culture, Hakka culture, culture of southern Fujian and Chinese traditional culture, under the diversified history background, Taiwan produces unique cultural trait, also creates strong tolerant of Taiwanese culture. In recent years, after the government promoted the cultural creative industry, many traditional Taiwanese folk cultures appear again, the government does not only build national collections, but also holds cultural creative competitions, it requires Taiwanese people and academe to attach importance to Taiwanese culture and get to know it. Among this, Taiwanese aborigines always are the research object of many researchers in recent years, because Taiwanese people only have impression about Taiwanese aborigines such as nice voice, hunting, headhunting, millet wine, small spiritual idols worship, harvest festival, flying fish worship and so on; on the one hand, with the swarm situation in Taiwan, it is easy to affected by the different cultures of the foreign countries, makes us ignore Taiwanese culture which has important feature. This study uses Atayal people as the study object, present Atayal's art culture by the pictures of T-shirt designs, such as: the tradition of surface tradition, weaving, aboriginal music, woodcarving culture and aboriginal creative T-shirt etc. This study also gets to know the human customs and life situations of Taiwanese aborigines, and combine them with T-shirt. The analysis emphasis of this study is: (1) The previous policies laid particular stress on the Hans' thoughts, it had much different with original expectation when promoted the aboriginal creative industry. (2) In order to keep up with the trend, a lot of dealers used the pictures too often on products. (3) The repeatability of the T-shirt pictures are too high, it is lack of originality. (4) To avoid the style of the T-shirt being exaggerated, use the style which meets the demand of the public as the main style. (5) Looking for the ego style feature in the aboriginal creative T-shirt. There are no literature records for Taiwanese aborigines, all literature data are got from the field investigation by the scholars, and got valuable information from the description of the elders in the indigenous villages. The patterns and color configurations show on aboriginal fabric are simple, but every pattern and color is the cultural essence passed on by ancient ancestors. Taiwanese aborigines always play an important role, also they are always the discuss object of current research scholars. Aborigines have their own cultural features, life style and custom. Through the patterns on the T-shirt, get to know the fairy stories of each group of Taiwanese aborigines, and the fairy stories have the specific culture and history experience of Taiwanese aborigines. From the meaning and peculiarity of the fairy stories, we can know the enlightenment of the ancestors, pass on the culture spirit by oral transmission. This study uses above literature data, collects important information of Atayal's representative fairy stories, patterns, colors, surfaces, fabrics and so on, provides reference direction for the designers or the researchers who study the relevant information of Aborigines.