- 學位論文
以環境行為觀點探討長期照護機構高齡住民床位空間行為
The Research Of The Long-Term Care Facility Elderly Resident’s daily activities in Bedside Space From The Viewpoint Of Environmental Behavior
摘要
隨著人口結構的老化，長期照護機構使用率增加，高齡住民私人領域空間也逐漸受到重視。本研究的目的旨在探討長期照護機構老人床位空間的日常生活行為及相關因素。本研究以立意取樣方式，選取中部地區某家長期照護機構符合收案標準之老人，共23位作為研究對象，並藉由「環境行為」（Environmental Behavior，簡稱E-B）理論來瞭解機構住民使用床旁空間中的現況。 研究結果為五點：（1）高齡住民床位空間日常生活空間行為以生理性行為為主(佔24小時的62.7%)，行為內容都依照機構內日常生活作息時間表為中心準則。（2）卡方檢定發現巴氏量表得分(*P=0.011)、視力狀況(*P=O.O39)與非生理性行為時間是有差異的，所以代表身體狀況越好，越常從事非生理性行為。（3）床位空間活動區域及輔助用具的使用狀況會依高齡住民身體狀況而改變其範圍大小及使用頻率，身體狀況越好其範圍越大次數越多。（4）身體功能雖可獨立自主之高齡住民，於排泄(27.3%)、身體移位(9.1%)、飲食(72.7%)及整理儀容(18.2%)仍有依賴照顧服務員的情形。（5）在跌倒事件分析上，本研究四件跌倒事件分析中，發現跌倒事件之特徵包含兩點：第一、個人身體狀況與床位空間的硬體設備及行動輔具使用的不適當（床位高低、家具擺設、地板材質等）。第二、組織管理上：跌倒事件易發生於照顧人力較少的時間。 本研究藉由以上研究結果得知，機構床位空間以生理性行為為主，極少非生理性行為，故提供機構管理層面上，需考量每位高齡住民之身體狀況，以配合合適的個人空間，適時發揮獨立自主能力與剩餘功能。並提供長期照護機構設計者以提供高齡者具「個人化」及「隱私性」之居住環境為目標之參考。
並列摘要
As the society is fast aging in Taiwan, the demands for long-term care services for the elderly people increase dramatically and is visualized gradually on privacy space of elderly resident .The purpose of this descriptive correlation study was to explore daily activities of bedside space and was related factors of the elderly living in long-term care facilities. The purposive sampling was collected from 23 elderly living in the long-term care facilities located in middle Taiwan. We are able to understand the utilization of bedside space by “Environmental Behavior, E-B” theory. Results were as followings：（1）most of elderly resident’s bedside space daily activities who living in long-term care facilities are physical behavior ( the physical behavior in bedside activities of elderly resident who live in long-term care facilities is the basis) (62.7% of 24hours )，the kind of activities are depend on facility’s routine scale.(the completed activities are basic on daily routine of long-term care facility. )（2）non-physical activities were significantly associated with Barthel Index (*P=0.011)、sign status (*P=O.O39).（3）the healthier residents , the more orbits of bedside space and assistant tool used.（4）the residents who can live independent have dependence in toilet use (27.3%)、transfers(9.1%)、feeding(72.7%)and grooming(18.2%).（5）we have two characteristic in four fall accidents：1. inadequate of bedside space environment and assistant tool used(ex. bedstead’s altitude、furnishing and material of floor ).2.in administratively: Less caregivers will cause the occurrences of fall frequently . The results of this study could provide information for understanding the activities of bedside space and need to considered individual’s health situation and anticipate to provide personal space .