長期照護體系中機構內社會工作人員角色初探─以台中市為例

The Roles of Social Workers in Long-Term Care Institutions ─ A Case Study in Taichung

陳妤玫(Yu-Mei Chen)

指導教授 ： 李美玲

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

隨著高齡化社會的到來，新的需求與新的問題也都將浮現，使得民間與政府的焦點開始關注於長期照護需求，實務界與學術界也逐增心力投入長期照護產業發展或制度規劃。在過去對於長期照護的研究中，對於專業團隊工作人員的探討大多針對護理人員，有關照護的技術、專業的角色、工作的壓力、人力的配置等，由於「Team work」的專業團隊觀念的建立，復健、營養、藥學、飲食等領域，也漸漸的開始有相關的研究投入，相形之下，社會工作對於長期照護介入的時間較晚，相關的研究也是比較少的，遑論針對在長期照護機構裡的社工員角色的探討了。
因此，本研究的目的主要在於：一、瞭解社會工作人員在長期照護體系機構裡的角色與定位、二、檢視社會工作人員在長期照護體系機構裡的工作狀態與心理狀態、三、瞭解社會工作人員在長期照護體系機構裡的心理調狀適與未來期待。
透過深入訪談的方式，本研究分別訪問了在不同性質長期照護機構任職，各自具有不同年資的專職長期照護社會工作實務工作者，分別是：初生之犢不畏虎的社工新鮮人、站在十字路口的方向尋找者、轉換跑道再出發的浴火鳳凰、全心投入的社工前輩。發現長期照護機構社會工作實務工作者，具有幾項相當特別的角色特質，分別是：累積經驗的多元角色、多層面的服務提供者、面對困境的自我化解者、心靈圍牆的拆除者。
本研究最後也提出了幾項建議，一、在政策面上：1.增加機構內需要設置社工人員之員額、2.以個案管理師整合社工師與護理師之職責；二、在實務面上：1.培養溝通協調能力、2.保持一個顆彈性、好奇、謙恭有禮、熱切的心；三、在學術面上：1.在社工系增設長期照護社會工作相關課程、2.增加對於長期照護社會工作的相關研究。

關鍵字

長期照護 ； 社會工作 ； 社會工作者 ； 角色 ； 質性研究

並列摘要

With the arrival of aging society, new demands and new problems will be emerged. It makes the civil society and the Government began to pay attention to the needs of long-term care. Practical and academia also dedicate into the industrial development and long-term care system Planning. In the past for long-term care study, a professional team mostly focus on the staff of nurses as the care of the technical, professional role, work pressure and the assignment of manpower, etc. Because of the establishment of the concept "Team work" with a professional team, rehabilitation, nutrition, pharmacy, restaurants, and other fields, are also gradually began to be studied by relevant input. By contrast, the social work of the long-term care was late intervening, the relevant research is less. Let’s discuss the role of social worker in long-term care institutions.
Therefore, the purpose of this research mainly lies in: First, to understand the role and the fixed position of the social worker in the system organization over a long period of time; Second, to examine the condition and attitude of the social worker in the system organization; third, to understand the mental condition and expectance of the social worker in the system organization.
Through the way of thorough interview, we respectively visited various members who work in the system organization for a long period and have different post of service in full-time long-term caring social work. They are: The freshman of social work, the man who is lingering at the crossroad and looking for a direction, the man who wants to transform to a new job to restart and the man who has dedicated in the social work as an elder generation.
We find that a actual situation worker of the long-term caring organization social work has a few special characteristics of the role. They are: the diverse role with many experiences, the supplier with various services, the self-solving when facing every problems and the person who tears down the mental tower.
In the end of this research, we also put propose several items of suggestions. Firstly, to the policy: (a) to increase the number of the club worker of the inside organization; (b) to integrate the job of the club work teacher and nursing teacher by individual case management teacher. Second, to the actual situation: (a) to foster the ability of communication and coordination; (b) to keep a flexibility, curiosity, civility and passion in heart. Third, on the academic: (a) to increase the course of relative social long-time care in Society of Social Work Department; (b) to increase related research toward long-term caring social work.

並列關鍵字

Long-term caring ； the social work ； social worker ； role ； quality study

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