醫院護理人員睡眠品質及其相關因素之探討

The Sleep Quality and Its Related Factors in the Hospital Nurses

許秀娟(Shiou-chua Shiu)

指導教授 ： 朱僑麗

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

中 文 摘 要
護理人員在健康促進中扮演著重要的角色，然而從事護理工作對自身的健康有潛在負面的影響。護理人員睡眠不足不僅對病人安全有影響而且危及自己身體健康。本研究目的欲探討護理人員睡眠品質現況及個人屬性、工作屬性、工作感受、健康狀態、生活習慣、睡眠環境與睡眠品質之關係，藉此能更進一步瞭解影響護理人員睡眠品質，以提供護理人員儘早採取預防行動以獲得良好睡眠品質。本研究針對台中縣三家地區以上醫院工作且領有合格的護士、護理師執照之護理人員，採立意取樣方式進行調查，回收有效問卷共620份。研究工具以匹茲堡睡眠品質指標量表(PSQI)來評估研究對象過去一個月的睡眠品質，採個案自填問卷的方式進行資料收集。研究結果顯示：
一、醫院護理人員的睡眠品質平均得分為7.62±3.26分，得分分佈從0-18分，睡眠品質良好者（PSQI≦5）有169人（27.3﹪）而睡眠不佳者（PSQI＞5）有451人（72.7﹪）。
二、研究對象中「個人屬性」、「工作屬性」、「工作感受」、「健康狀態」、「生活習慣」、「睡眠環境」、與「睡眠品質」等相關因素可以解釋睡眠品質變異量32.1﹪，其中以工作壓力感、自覺健康狀況、噪音干擾睡眠頻率、光線干擾的多寡達顯著差異，其中以「噪音干擾睡眠頻率」的影響最顯著。
三、研究對象產生睡眠品質好壞的相對危險性（odds ratio）之相關因素中工作壓力感大者其發生睡眠品質差的機率是工作壓力感小者的1.203倍，自覺健康狀況差者其發生睡眠品質差的機率是自覺健康狀況良好者的0.844倍，噪音干擾頻率愈高其發生睡眠品質差的機率是無噪音干擾的1.977倍，光線干擾愈高其發生睡眠品質差的機率是無噪音干擾的1.818倍。
根據本研究得知護理人員普遍睡眠品質都不佳，且個別差異大，其工作壓力感愈大、自覺健康狀況愈差、睡眠環境中噪音及光線干擾愈嚴重，愈容易成為睡眠品質不良的高危險群。建議護理人員本身應正視睡眠問題並培養睡眠衛生習慣、規律運動習慣及身體活動量、學習壓力釋放及宣洩的管道；而在機構行政管理應盡量於排班方式的配合、舉辦相關的睡眠衛生教育、諮商研討會、每年舉行定期的健康檢查、提供舒適的工作環境，以提升良好睡眠品質。

關鍵字：護理人員、睡眠品質

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 睡眠品質

並列摘要

Abstract
The nursing staffs are playing the very important roles with the health improvement process , but their works may be conflict with their own health. The nursing staffs are not enough time for sleeping , this situation would affect not only themselves health but also the patients safety. The purpose of this study by conducting a questionnaire survey, we aimed to clarify the effect of nursing staffs, personal characteristics, work status, work perception, health status, life habit, and sleep environment of nursing sleep quality. The subjects were the nursing staffs working at 3 hospitals through 620 subjects collection according to the freedom sampling investigation processing. The survey was carried out by self-reported and self-rated questionnaire, which assesses sleep quality over a 1-month time interval from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results as showed:
1. Among 620 subjects were collected, the mean PSQI component score was 7.62±3.26, widely ranged (0-18). Four hundred and fifty one (72.7%) nurses had a score of > 5 which is clinically diagnostic for poor sleep,
2. About 32.1% of variation describe subjective sleep quality by the personal characteristics, work status, work perception, health status, life habit, and sleep environment. It statistically significant factors are working stress, self-reported health status, sleep frequency of noise induced and those intervention of lighting for sleeping. The most effective factor is sleep frequency of noise induced.
3. The odds ratio for sleep quality were 1.203 between having more working stress and having less working pressure, 0.844 between good self-reported health status and poor self-reported health status, 1.977 between high sleep frequency of noise induced and low frequency of noise induced and 1.818 between higher lighting of interfering induced And lower lighting of interfering induced.
According to this study, the conclusion is that the nursing staffs are not acquired for the better sleeping quality with the higher personal variation. Specially, it shall be take the higher dangerous group depending on the higher working pressure, the poor self-reported health status, sleep frequency of noise and lighting induced. The results of this study suggest that nurses should try to get sufficient hours of sleep, regular exercise, learn relax, and lifestyle modification to ensure the good quality of sleep. They also suggest that hospital administration adjust the time of work, engagement in sleep problem meeting, physical examination every year, and supple good work environment for improvement of sleep quality.

Keyword: the nursing staff, sleep quality

並列關鍵字

the nursing staff ； sleep quality

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