台中縣居民吸菸、飲酒、嚼檳榔行為與其它健康行為之相關性及影響因素分析

An Analysis of Residents in Taichung County：The Correlation among Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, Betel Quid Chewing, other Health Behaviors and related factors

李煥鈞(Lee Huan-Chun)

指導教授 ： 何清松

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康產業管理學系健康管理組/碩士(2004年)

摘要

自十九世紀起，由於公共衛生的改善等因素，使得人類的平均壽命不斷增加，而疾病發生的分布也由急性病症轉變為以慢性病症為主。這些慢性疾病會因為危害健康行為而增加發生可能性，亦可以藉由促進健康行為加以預防或控制，顯示出健康行為的重要性。
在危害健康行為中，吸菸、飲酒、嚼檳榔行為對人體健康的危害已由許多研究得到證實，但少有研究探討同時具有二種或三種前述行為的人群，本研究希望能了解此類群眾與其他類型群眾在健康行為方面的差異，以及哪些因素對此類群眾有影響。
本研究以15歲以上的台中縣居民為母群體，以「三段系統隨機抽樣法」，抽出並取得樣本1242人的資料進行分析。
研究結果顯示，有飲酒行為的女性已達所有女性的四分之一，遠遠高於有吸菸或嚼檳榔行為的女性比例；不注意袋裝食品標示、沒有每天吃水果，不運動，每日潔牙次數在1次以下等不良健康行為普遍出現在兩性身上。性別、教育程度及飲酒行為與台中縣居民的吸菸及嚼檳榔行為有顯著關聯；性別、每日吃早餐及嚼檳榔行為與台中縣居民的吸菸及飲酒行為有顯著關聯；有合併使用成癮物質的民眾，相對於使用單一成癮物質或不使用成癮物質的民眾而言，其不健康行為數量較多；
綜合研究結果，本研究建議衛生主管機關應參考不良健康行為之關聯情形，設計有效之健康促進方案，以積極提升民眾之個人健康，而女性飲酒行為亦值得衛生單位注意；合併使用成癮物質的民眾應多加注意自身健康狀況，以及加強個人正向健康行為。

關鍵字

健康行為 ； 吸菸 ； 飲酒 ； 嚼檳榔

並列摘要

After the nineteenth century, the average lives of human beings were continually increasing because of the improvement of public sanitation. The distribution of diseases was shifted to the chronic diseases from the acute diseases. In addition, these chronic diseases would increase because of health risky behaviors, but they could be prevented and controlled through the health promotion behaviors. The importance of health behaviors was presented as mentioned above.
Several researchers indicated that several behaviors, including Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Betel Nut Chewing, were impaired the health. But few study explored the both effects or the all effects in the three behaviors (Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Betel Nut Chewing). It was expected to examine the difference between the population with the three kinds of behaviors (Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Betel Nut Chewing) and the population without such behaviors. It was also expected to find out some factors which significantly influenced the population with such behaviors.
The study sample in this study was the population who age 15 or older in Taichung County. One thousand and two hundred forty-two inhabitants were sampled by the three stage stratified systematic sampling design in this study.
As the study result, one- fourth females drank during the study sample and the percentage of the females who drank alcohol are higher than the percentage of the females who smoked cigarette and chewed betel nut. Both the males and the females in this study had the same bad health behaviors, including without paying attention to the noticed marks of bagged food, without eating fruit everyday, no sport, and brushing their teeth one times or less a day. Sex, Education, and Alcohol Drinking were significantly related to the inhabitants in Taichung County who smoked cigarette and chewed betel nut. The public who combined using addictive drugs had more bad health behaviors than the public who used only one or used no addictive drugs.
Overall, the recommendation for the health superintendent to design some effective health improved plans to promote the health of the public after referring to the relationships of impaired health behaviors was proposed in this study. Additionally, the health department should pay more attention to the females who had drinking behaviors. The public who combined using addictive drugs should pay attention to their health and strengthened individual correct health behaviors.

並列關鍵字

Health Behaviors ； Cigarette Smoking ； Alcohol Drinking ； Betel Nut Chewing

參考文獻

丁志音、江東亮(1996)：以健康行為型態分類台灣地區之成年人口群 — 群聚分析之應用。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，15(3)：175-187。

王瑞霞、邱啟潤、辛錫璋、黃鳳香(1992)：學童與父母親間慢性病危險因子、健康知識、生活方式相關性之探討。高雄醫學科學雜誌，8：679-691。

李蘭(1991)：健康行為的概念與研究。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，10(5)：199-211。

李蘭、陸玓玲、李隆安、黃美維、潘怜燕、鄧肖琳(1995)：台灣地區成人的健康行為探討：分佈情形、因素結構和相關因素。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，14(4)：358-367。

李蘭、潘怜燕(2000)：台灣地區成年人之吸菸率與吸菸行為：八十八年度之全國性調查。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，19(6)：423-436。