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  • 學位論文

用藥疏失回饋警示系統之設計與建置—以地區醫院門診為例

Design and Implementation of Web-based Alert System for Medication Error : A Case Study -Local Hospital

指導教授 : 曹世昌
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摘要


「用藥安全」已經成為病人安全主要目標之ㄧ,因醫療疏失依然不斷,如 何降低醫療疏失產生已成為當前主要議題。用藥安全防護網包括:處方開立、藥 師調劑、護理給藥及病人自我用藥四大安全體系。而開方失誤(prescribing error)是醫療疏失產生的重要環節之ㄧ,如何解決藥師審核處方疑慮,落實衛生 署施行的用藥安全目標為本論文探討重點。現今多數醫療院所使用之醫院醫療資 訊系統(Hospital Information Systems, HIS),主要是以醫院管理與帳務方向考量 設計,並未建立部門所需的用藥安全檢核機制。門診藥局的電腦作業,缺乏病患 診斷、檢驗、藥物過敏資訊的顯示,即使在患者的病歷中記載十分完整詳細,仍 因藥局的系統和臨床資料並沒有很緊密的連結,因此自動的篩檢和提示無法辦 到,要求藥師辨識處方合理性及告知病患正確的用藥訊息不是一件容易的事。 地區醫院的藥師,因門診工作量過大,加上住院及諮詢業務工作繁雜,在 實際從事藥事工作時,不易在調劑過程中確定醫師處方是否合乎病症所需。為了 提供病患更安全的用藥環境,本研究以地區藥局作業中藥師工作需求為基點,藉 由重新擬定門診給藥流程,由藥師端建立一定設限準則及更新藥品不良反應 (Adverse Drug Reactions, ADR) 通報即時訊息至藥局藥物資料庫,建立即時醫師開 方及藥師警示系統,輔助確認有疑慮之處方。本系統是在具有醫院資訊系統 (HIS) 醫師醫囑輸入功能下,經由藥局端探討醫師處方用藥之合理性,研究建立藥師端 平台檢核因醫囑系統缺失造成之人為處方失誤,建立一個跨部門之檢核,能即時 檢核出病患在醫院開立處方用藥錯誤。 地區醫院藥局透過建置客製化藥師檢驗處方作業輔助系統,建立專業醫事 人員溝通平台,提高藥事作業安全機制。以Web-based的普及技術建構藥師專用 平台,累積病患專屬藥物資料庫,可以作為未來開發研究如何達到更即時精確警 示的目的,或連結可信任之廠商藥物資料庫達到同步更新。另外為減低醫藥從業 人員負擔,設計出檢驗處方或發藥時,能輔助藥師快速查詢病患藥歷資訊,避免 慢性病重複用藥,以病患為中心,快速提供必要用藥諮詢。

並列摘要


PURPOSE: Previous studies found that medication errors often resulted from insufficient critical information during prescribing stages. Therefore, it is proposed pharmacists checking of the prescriptions may reduce the likelihood of preventable slips and mistakes. The objective of this study is to apply a simultaneous web-based prescription checking system having pharmacists’ participation during the physicians prescribing steps to ensure the patient safety. METHODS: The designs of this system are to analyze potential accidents in prescription sending processes and correct them. Many authors propose a restricted High Alert Medications system, to check against medication administrations, and make any efforts to reduce the prescription errors. RESULTS: A web-based alert system was designed so that pharmacists could intervene then reduce prescribing errors through High Alert Medications and adverse drug reaction messages. Physicians could confirm the errors questioned by pharmacists through such system. CONCLUSIONS: This web-based alert system designed by the authors may reduce medication errors and improve patient safety.

參考文獻


[15] 「財團法人台灣醫療改革基金會」,2006; http://www.thrf.org.tw/.
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