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  • 學位論文

醫院領導型態、組織文化對實證醫學推行態度影響之研究

A research on the relations among leadership style, organizational culture and the attitude of practicing Evidence-based medicine

指導教授 : 石曜堂
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摘要


在各醫療機構、研究單位及各專科學協會的努力推廣下,實證醫學(Evidence-Base Medicine)應用於臨床醫療、醫學教育,乃至提供衛生政策研擬的重要性日受肯定,醫療團隊包括醫師、護理、藥學、復健、公衛等專業人才也陸續投入各相關領域的實證及推廣應用,此一趨勢亦與國際間的實證醫學發展的脈動同步(台灣實證醫學學會,2007),甚至遍及病人本身,都開始強調實證基礎的臨床照護。 醫療小組實踐之文化是影響醫療花費與照護品質的重要因子(John, 2005),健全、優良的組織文化能促使策略發展,它能支持醫院管理者,隨時採納新穎的管理理論,以達發展卓越組織策略之功效(Marie, 2006),而促進實證推行將有助於病人照護時品質的保證與維持,醫療機構發展以實證推行為基礎,培養其內涵與服務,將實證推行之精神內化為組織本身文化,是眾多醫療機構所努力的方向,國外醫療院所藉由合格護士使用實證實踐推行,以護理服務與教育合作模式來說明如何創造一個卓越的實證實踐環境(Caramanica and Roy, 2006);由此可知,醫療院所擁有良好之領導型態與組織文化,將確保其競爭力與維持服務品質,並有助於推行政策;由於醫院組織是結合許多專業人員在一個團體中,彼此互相合作,其領導型態與組織文化互相影響,因此不同醫療院所衍生出的組織文化亦不相同,以實證醫學推行的角度著眼,瞭解醫院領導型態與組織文化對實證醫學之推行有何影響。 本研究以台中地區大型醫院(醫學中心)之醫師與護理人員為研究對象,從醫院領導型態、組織文化切入,進而探討其對實證醫學推行態度之影響,研究結果可提供醫院管理者、政策擬定者確實掌握醫院概況,在推行院內政策時,增進實證醫學推廣計劃之可行性與有效性,以達事半功倍的效果。 本研究之主要目的如下: 1.了解各醫院領導型態、組織文化與實證醫學推行態度之差異情形 2.探討醫事人員特質影響實證醫學推行態度之差異情形 3.探討領導型態、組織文化與實證醫推行態度之關聯性 4.提出醫院在推行實證醫學之具體建議,以供其執行時之參考 經過研究調查與分析後,問卷回收數為963份,回收率約為48%。當中以護理人員較多(82.3%),教育程度大部分為大學(專) (89.5%),約有53.9%的人表示曾參與過實證醫學課程,大多以院內(79.2%)之上課地點為主,在臨床工作年資上,年資超過10年者佔34.4%為最多。在性別、年齡別、教育程度、專長背景、部門別、臨床工作年資、是否曾任主管、教學職務、是否曾參與過實證醫學課程等,則對整體實證醫學推行態度呈現顯著差異(p<0.001)。而領導型態與組織文化、領導型態與實證醫學推行態度、組織文化與實證醫學推行態度,彼此呈現顯著正相關;在迴歸分析上,領導型態對三類型組織文化,分別具有33.8%、22.3%、40.5%的預測力,而領導型態、組織文化對實證醫學推行態度,則分別具有28.5%、31.2%的預測力;進一步檢驗組織文化是否具有中介效果,結果發現組織文化產生部份中介效果。

並列摘要


Author: Cherg-Herng Chang Thesis Advised by: Yaw-Tang Shih, Ph.D. This research focuses on the relationships among hospital leadership style, organizational culture and the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine in hospital industry. The study targets were three medical centers in the middle of Taiwan, and the participants included physicians and nurses, were sampled to examine the framework of developing the attitude of practicing Evidence-based medicine combined with the leadership style and organizational culture. The objectives of this study were to (1) understand the difference of leadership style, organizational culture and the attitude of practicing EBM among the hospitals, (2) understand the influence of demography variable contributes to the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine, (3) know the correlation between leadership style, organizational culture and the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine, (4) gives the administrator to suggestion. In order to reach the above objective, this study used questionnaires to gather 963 valid questionnaires, and the returns-ratio is 48%. The staff’s attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine are different results that will have because of factors, such as academic degree, gather, age, and so on. Leadership style is a significantly positive effects on the organizational culture, leadership style is a significantly positive effects on the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine, and organizational culture is a significantly positive effects on the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine. Leadership style is a significantly positive predictor of the organizational culture, leadership style is a significantly positive predictor of the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine, and organizational culture is a significantly positive predictor of the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine. Organizational culture plays a partial mediation between transformational leadership and the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine, and organizational culture plays a partial mediation between transactional leadership and the attitude of practicing evidence-based medicine.

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