穩定就業精神障礙者的就業支持

Experiences on Supporting for Persons with Mental Disabilities to Be Employed

張倍瑄(Pei-Hsuan Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳美智

亞洲大學/人文社會學院/社會工作學系碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討穩定就業的精神障礙者在就業過程中，主觀感受到的就業支持，包括如何找到工作，過程中如何面對與解決來自雇主、同事與工作技能要求等壓力與工作上的困境，同時，家人及就業服務系統如何給予支持和協助，以及個人對就業的期待與就業對其人生的意義等。研究中以半結構式的深度訪談為主要蒐集資料的方法，生態系統模式為資料分析之視角，邀請八位精神障礙者與二位精神障礙就業服務員共同參與本研究；從訪談資料中發現，個人的疾病特徵、離職經驗與家人的態度，會影響「就業」對病友的主觀意義，進而影響對未來求職的期待，得到八點結論：一、個人面對疾病的態度，影響著疾病穩定情形；二、疾病穩定程度，有助於就業穩定；三、不同的就業動機，影響著就業積極程度；四、中介者角色的重要；五、職場中少見自然支持者；六、就業資訊取得的困難；七、穩定服藥的反思；八、不同的身分，一樣的期待。最後從微視到鉅視層面，針對「現在可以再努力的」與「未來研究的可能性」提出建議。
期待透過這些病友自述的就業經驗，能夠讓社會大眾看到精神障礙者努力就業的現況，與他們身邊友善的職場環境和自然支持者。將來也願意接納且營造更多規模小而支持性的職場環境，讓有能力且想就業的精神障礙者，有更多的勇氣與支持帶著疾病進入職場。

關鍵字

穩定就業 ； 精神障礙者 ； 自然支持者 ； 生態系統理論

並列摘要

This study investigated the stable employment of mental disorder employee who has success experience of employment support in the employment process. This is including how to find jobs, how to face and resolve the plight of the work. Moreover, the family and the support employment service system how to provide support and assistance. In the study, the semi-structured and the in-depth interviews is the main method of collecting information; the ecosystem model is a perspective of data analysis. Eight mental disorders and two staff from mental disorders employment service was invited to participate in this study. Founding from the interviews, the characteristics of individual’s illness, the experience of resignation and the family’s attitude will affect the patient's subjective sense on the "employment", thereby affecting the expectations of future job. There are eight conclusions: 1. Personal attitude of the face of illness will affect the conditions of stable disease. 2. Disease stability will contribute to employment stability. 3. The difference of employment motives will affect the enthusiasm level of employment. 4. The importance of intermediary role. 5. Rare in the natural supporters of the workplace. 6. Difficulties in obtaining employment information. 7. Reflection on the impact of medication taking. 8. Different identity, same expectation
At the end, we will propose recommendations from the Microscopic level to the Macroscopic level, aimed “the further efforts for now” and “the possibility of future research”.
Through this patient’s success experience of stable employment, we are looking forward to let community realized that mental disorders strive for employment, the friendly workplace environment and Inspiration around them. The communities are willing to accept many small workplace environments for mental disorders; therefore the mental disorders who want and ability to be an employee has more courage to bring their illness into workplace.

並列關鍵字

stable employment ； persons with mental disabilities ； natural supporter、 ； ecosystems theory

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