以氣相層析質譜儀檢測耳鈎草中所含肝毒性吡咯啶生物鹼之研究

耳鈎草 (Heliotropium indicum L.) 在近代研究中指出具有治療肺炎，肝病和抗癌等功效，本研究為收集台灣地區各地之耳鈎草，以氣相層析質譜儀 (GC/MS) 檢測其是否含有具肝毒性及致癌性之吡咯啶生物鹼 (pyrrolizidine alkaloids) ，實驗分為全株及耳鈎草各器官之檢驗，而萃取方法為酸水萃取，再經由固相萃取純化，最後經由氣相層析質譜儀分析。經實驗結果顯示，耳鈎草至少含有四種吡咯啶生物鹼，分別為indicine 、 lycopsamine 、一未知的吡咯啶生物鹼，以及3'- acetylindicine / 3'- acetyllycopsamine，本實驗定量以 monocrotaline 為標準品，檢量線濃度範圍為 50-400 μg/mL，內標準品為 methyl myristate ，經定量實驗結果顯示，耳鈎草內之吡咯啶生物鹼大多集中在花部，而indicine 為耳鈎草內主要之吡咯啶生物鹼，其總含量最高為 1.95 μg/g herb 。利用本研究之實驗結果，建立一套檢測中草藥所含吡咯啶生物鹼之研究方法，以確保民眾服用中草藥的安全，並進一步的進行中草藥之風險評估。

關鍵字

耳鈎草；氣相層析質譜儀；吡咯啶生物鹼

並列摘要

Heliotropium indicum L. (Boraginaceae) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of pneumonia, liver disease and ulcer. In the present study, we have investigated the hepatotoxic and tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) contained in H. indicum. Plant materials were collected from 10 different locations in Taiwan. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were isolated from the aqueous acid extracts of the above ground whole plant (stems, leaves, flowers and roots) by use of strong cation-exchange, solid-phase extraction (SCE-SPE). The sensitive analysis of PAs was identified from plant material by gas-chromatogra phy mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method and included: indicine, lycopsamine, Unknown PA and 3’-acetylindicine / 3'- acetyllycopsamine. Quantification of the individual PA was determined by six-point linear regression curves in the range of 50-400 μg/mL of monocrotaline, methyl stearate as an internal standard examined. PAs were found in all plant organs with the highest level in the flower. Indicine figured as a major PA in H. indicum. The estimated total content of toxic PAs in H. indicum was 1.95 μg/g herb (dry weigh basis), which was significantly higher than that (≥1 μg/g herb) recommended by USA and Germany not to be used clinically. Thus, the current finding of the presence of toxic PAs in H. indicum challenges the safety of using this herb.

並列關鍵字

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids

參考文獻

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以氣相層析質譜儀檢測耳鈎草中所含肝毒性吡咯啶生物鹼之研究

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