先天性肌性斜頸

Congenital Muscular Torticollis

沈英霞(Ying-Hsia Shen)

《物理治療學會雜誌》 9卷 (1984/11) Pp. 64-67

https://doi.org/10.29617/JPT.198411.0012

摘要

先天性肌性斜頸，起先大家認為是生產時胸鎖乳突肌(sternocleidomastoidm)受傷瘀血而纖維化，造成硬塊及肌肉收縮；可是，由於剖腹產之嬰兒也有斜頸之病例，故又有子宮內胎位異常之說。
治療方法分物理治療與外科手術治療。
物理治療包括熱教、按摩、超音波、被動伸張運動、主動運動、姿勢及周圍環境之調整等。一歲以下之病人，治癒率極高。
一歲以上之病人，若硬塊、斜頸、顏面不對稱等現象仍未消失，或經物理治療無效者，可考慮外科手術，以增加美觀及減少頸部轉動之限制。手術治療方法有許多，視病人情況而定。手術後仍需以頸圈或石膏固定，再施以一段時間的物理治療，以避免畸形再發生。
追踪時間需三年以上，方可確定療效。

並列摘要

Congenital torticollis is characterized by fibrous contracture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle causing approximation of the mastoid process to the sternoclavicular joint. It is usually unilateral.
The cause of congenital torticollis may be birth injury or malposition in the uterus or some developmental defect in the affected muscle.
The treatment of congenital torticollis includes physical therapy and surgery.
In physical therapy, we usually apply local heat, massage, ultrasound, passive stretching exercise, active movement, positioning and environmental sensory stimulation to the patients who are less than one year old. The result is good.
If the mass, head tilting and face asymmetry still persist over one year of age, surgery may be considered to improve one personal appearance and decrease the limitation of cervical motion. The best time for surgery is between one and four years of age.
The effectiveness should after three years follow-up.

並列關鍵字

muscular torticollis ； sternocleidomastoid muscle ； physical therapy