由反應變異探討黃金比美感的心理實質性

許多平面媒體設計者慣以黃金比為例，來討論構成美感的原理原則。黃金分割作成的構圖甚至被喻為是「神聖的比例原則」，深深影響文藝復興之後的視覺藝術創作者。但是，黃金比例的美感到底有無普同性？或者它只是反映吾人對某一種數字的迷思？這個問題是一個心理學問題，換句話說，黃金分割的美感是不是人類真正運作的心理歷程？它到底有無心理運作的實質性（psychological reality），需要心理學的研究方法來釐清。近幾年，國外許多研究有些支持，有些不支持黃金比例的美感具有心理實質性。但是這些研究多以調查的方法，描述平均美感趨勢的結果。本研究則藉由心理物理學常用的調整法，測量一般人對於各種比例調整判斷的誤差分布。結果發現，不論在「線段分割作業」或是在「矩形鄰邊調整作業」中，1比1的比例判斷誤差都是最小，反之1.6比1的黃金比例判斷誤差則明顯偏高。顯然，這個結果還是不支持「黃金比例的美感具有心理實質性」的想法。

關鍵字

黃金比例；心理實質性；美感；心理物理實驗

並列摘要

The golden-ratio has been defined as an aesthetic ratio and is still observed today as a guiding principle in visual art, even though there is little sound empirical evidence for its support. It seems that golden-ratio has the psychological reality in aesthetic activity. But more recent investigations fail to support the psychological reality of preference for the golden-ratio by providing average population preference data. This study provide the response variability distribution information to address this issue by psychophysical experiments. Results show that this variability distribution is larger for the golden-ratio (1.6:1) than for the unity-ratio (1:1) in line segment task and rectangular adjustment task. Obviously, results do not support the idea that golden-ratio aesthetic activity has the psychological reality.

並列關鍵字

Golden-ratio ； Psychological reality ； Aesthetic ； Psychophysical experiment

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

由反應變異探討黃金比美感的心理實質性

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