口譯「專業考試」的評鑑意義與功能

The Meaning and Function of the Evaluation of "Professional examination" for Interpretation

楊承淑

《翻譯學研究集刊》 3輯 (1998/12) Pp. 155-167

https://doi.org/10.29786/STI.199812.0010

摘要

口譯「專業考試」，指的是碩士班兩學年修畢時的畢業考試，也就是測驗畢業生是否達到會議口譯員職業水平的一項「資格考試」。要探討這項專業考試如何發揮畢業考與資格考的雙重功能，首先應該釐清其意義。就新進口譯員的標準，專業考試應側重口譯技巧的專業要求，而相對減少有關「針對性」與「藝術性」的檢驗。為了達到專業口譯員一定的水平，技術上應要求語言、知識、技巧三者均衡發展，而不能容許其中任何一環的缺失，以免造成實務工作上的窒礙難行。又，要求10科目完全通過，而非各科目平均達到一定分數即可通過，也是保障口譯品質的基礎要件，應該予以堅持。在具體實施測驗之際，本文提出檢測試題難易度的4項因素（內容、速度、準備時間、長度），以及「量化評鑑」（quantitative evaluation）的負面扣分概念與「質化評鑑」（qualitative evaluation）的向上修正功能。此外，本文提示具體評分表，並逐項分析評分目的與功能。最後，則由「專業考試」與修業學分數的比重問題進步討論碩士班口譯課程的定位與教學目標的定向。

關鍵字

口譯專業考試 ； 試題難易度 ； 評鑑方法 ； 評分表

並列摘要

”Professional Examination” for interpretation is the graduation examination given at the end of the two-year graduate studies. It also serves as the ”Qualification Examination” which examines the graduates' professional ability as conference interpreters. In explaining how ”Professional Examination” functionally contains the purposes of both the graduation exam and the qualification exam, it is necessary to first define ”Professional Examination”. For new recruit interpreters, professional exam should lay more emphasis on demanding interpretation techniques instead of emphasizing specification and articulation. However, for the level of professional interpretation, all three elements of interpretation-language, knowledge, and technique should be equally stressed without compromise in order not to hinder the actual performance. Furthermore, all 10 subjects of the exam must be passed (without averaging the grades) for ensuring the quality of interpretation. While putting exams into practice, four items are suggested here to test the degrees of difficulties of the exam-content chosen, speed of delivery, length of content, and time for preparation. Two evaluation methods mentioned are: quantitative evaluation, a concept of subtracting points and qualitative evaluation, a function of up-grading the result. And besides, a concrete evaluation chart for each test item is provided to analyze its purpose and function of evaluation. Finally, comparing the relationship and proportion of professional exam and required credits for graduation, the status and teaching aims of the graduate courses are further discussed.

並列關鍵字

Professional examination for interpretation ； degrees of difficulties of the exam ； methods of evaluation ； an evaluation chart