針灸在《傷寒論》中的特色探討與臨床應用

The Characteristic and Clinical Application of Acupuncture in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases

吳佑鴻 ； 陳玟 ； 吳龍源

《傳統醫學雜誌》 30卷1期 (2019/10) Pp. 15-22

摘要

漢．張仲景《傷寒論》為中醫學的重要經典，其所提及的針灸相關條文，蘊藏有豐富的學術價值與臨床參考意義。《傷寒論》中針灸的特色包含了陽症多用針刺法、陰症多用灸法、針灸與藥物並用、治未病的預防概念、異病同治、急症的運用以及提出針灸禁忌症等幾項，而穴位使用包含了穴位少而精，特定穴位、局部取穴、循經取穴等特點，其為後世運用針灸診治疾病有重要的指導意義，特別在針刺與灸法的使用時機與禁忌症，而《傷寒論》中使用局部穴位或循經取穴仍具辨證論治的精神，有以一穴期門治療數種相同病機的疾病；另外《傷寒論》使用的穴位數量不多與特定穴位也展現了針灸對於疾病治療有立竿見影的潛力，針灸與藥物雖然各司其職，在《傷寒論》中更展現了針灸與藥物相輔並用，治法上相當靈活，而所提及的穴位在現代多有相關之應用，於臨床有很大的參考價值。

關鍵字

傷寒論 ； 針灸 ； 針刺 ； 灸法 ； 臨床運用

並列摘要

Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases is an important chinese medicine book writed by Zhong -Jing Zhang. The acupuncture mentioned in it contain rich academic and clinical value. The characteristics of acupuncture in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases include: 1.Acupuncture for yang syndrome, moxibustion for yin syndrome, 2.Combined use of acupuncture and medicines, 3.Prevention concepts for treating diseases; 4.Treating different diseases with the same therapeutic principle, 5. Application of acute diseases, and6.The introduction of acupuncture contraindications. And the characteristics of used acupoints in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases includes：1.Feweracupoints selection,2. Specific acupoints selection,3. Local acupoints selection, and 4.Acupoints selection along affected meridian. It has important guiding significance for the future use of acupuncture to treat diseases, especially in the contraindications of acupuncture and moxibustion. In addition, acupuncture for treating diseases in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases show the immediate efficacywithout using numorous acupoints. Moreover, Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases also show the combination of acupuncture and medicine, which is quite flexible in treatment for patients. Nowadays,there are many related acupuncture applicationsin of which have great reference value in clinical.

並列關鍵字

Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases ； acupuncture ； moxibustion ； clinic applications

參考文獻

田鴻芳、河恩惠、陳胤希、楊超、唐傑、秦秋果、趙明文、趙吉平：《傷寒論》針 ( 灸 )藥選配思想淺析。天津中醫藥 2016；33(1)：18-21。

王鵬、沈燕、王舒：《傷寒論》中針灸學治療特色探討。中國中醫急症 2017；26(7)：1204-1206。

金蓮、王磊、王興華：《傷寒論》針灸學術思想探析。浙江中醫藥大學學報 2014；38(3)：335-338。

Pav o TS, Vianna P, Pillat MM, Machado AB, Bauer ME：Acupuncture is effective to attenuate stress and stimulate lymphocyte proliferation in the elderly. Neurosci Lett. 2010；484(1)：47-50.

陳理：淺析《傷寒論》中針灸的應用。南京中醫藥大學學報 2006；22(3)：145-146．