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摘要


“呼吸窘迫”對於新生兒,尤其對早產兒是一個會危及生命的肺部疾病,也新生兒加護病房中最常遇見的問題。呼吸治療基本的目的就是提供呼吸支持,直到病人擁有足夠的呼吸能力。胎兒在出生復,肺泡的撐開擴張與肺部血流的變化對新生兒的氣體交換都扮演著關鍵的角色。對於一個發生呼吸窘迫;呼吸抑制的新生兒,立即提供一個適當且有效的呼吸支持是很重要的,如何改善呼吸與循環的配合,使氣氣能充足輸送到各器官組織細胞去被利用是一門藝術與挑戰。呼吸衰竭或呼吸窘迫的治療包括基本的支持性治療,例如使用呼吸器;給予表免張力素、或是使用持續性正壓呼吸。對於嚴重呼吸窘迫的病人,建議可以使用一些特殊的呼吸器,像是高頻震盪呼吸器。本篇文章是針對新生充加護病房中,發生呼吸窘迫或衰竭的病兒,從最基本的氣氣供給,給予持續性正壓呼吸的方式,呼吸器使用的基本原則與應用,到一些特殊藥物治療的概括討論。

關鍵字

早產兒 呼吸窘迫 呼吸治療

並列摘要


Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a life-threatening lung disorder that commonly affects newborn, especially in premature infants. The primary object of assisted ventilation is to support breathing until the patient's respiratory efforts are sufficient. Ventilation may be required during immediate care of the infant who is depressed, apneic or during prolonged periods of treatment for respiratory failure. Respiratory failure or respiratory distress can be treated by general supportive therapies, including the use of mechanical respirators designed to prevent the alveoli from, collapsing, the administration of surfactant, or the use of continuous positive airway pressure. For those infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome, specific ventilators, such as high frequency oscillatory ventilator may be suggested. This article discussed methods of basic respiratory support, principle and clinical appliance of mechanical ventilator, and drug therapy for specific respiratory conditions.

並列關鍵字

respiratory distress ventilation premature

被引用紀錄


劉綉靖(2009)。早產兒出院ㄧ個月內主要照顧者的生活品質及相關因素探討〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.01379

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