In the Beginning Was Love: Love and Faith in Philip K. Dick's ＂Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?＂

太初有愛：菲力普迪克《機器人會夢到電子羊嗎？》中的愛與信仰

曾瑞華(Jui-Hua Tseng)

《小說與戲劇》 24卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 47-76

https://doi.org/10.6271/fd.2015.24.2.03

摘要

本文探討菲力普迪克在其科幻小說《機器人會夢到電子羊嗎？》中所描繪之反烏托邦情境的救贖希望、可能性與方法。以布希亞與克莉絲蒂娃在宗教與心理分析領域中所論及之信仰與愛等理論為基礎，本文論證在小說的反烏托邦情境中，唯有瞬間、真摯的愛與信仰的情感流動，而非高科技，才能提供人們救贖之道、帶領人們遠離永遠無法企及理想境地的絕境之苦。為解釋愛如何運作、如神之聖靈創造世界、並使分殊之個體在被公平看待的前提下和諧團結，本文並引用黑格爾在其早期神學及晚期有關宗教哲學中有關「愛」與「神是愛」的論述。在結論中，本文總結對愛與信仰之創造力的論述，重申迪克在小說中所傳遞的訊息：愛不僅能消弭各分殊個體之間的鴻溝，並能創造不斷由內蘊生新真理的新世界，而在這個由愛新生的世界中，每個個體都被賦予新的生命、意義與自由、被平等對待。回應小說作者在書名中所提出的問題：「機器人會夢到電子羊嗎？」本文在總結處因而覆以肯定的回答：「是的，只要我們對其有愛、對其存在有信。」

關鍵字

反烏托邦 ； 信 ； 愛 ； 救贖 ； 科技 ； 移情

並列摘要

This paper explores the possibility and ways to salvation in a technological dystopian world as delineated in Dick's science fiction ＂Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?＂ Based on Baudrillard's and Kristeva's theories on faith and love involved in the spheres of religion and psychoanalysis, this paper argues the momentary and yet sincere flows of love and faith, instead of the highly-advanced development of technology, to be the essential keys to salvation for people who are afflicted with an abysmal lack of an unattainable ideal. To explain how love functions as God's Holy Spirit to create the world of truth where all distinctive individualities are treated as equally essential and true and hence harmoniously unified, this paper also borrows Hegel's discourses on love and ＂God is love＂ from his early writings on theology and later lectures on the philosophy of religion. In conclusion, this paper, on the bases of Baudrillard's, Kristeva's and Hegel's theories on the creative power of love and faith, demonstrates that for Dick, love not only resolves the irreconcilable gaps between each individual entity, but also creates a substantial world where a new truth (or real truth) emerges immanently while each individual entity is equally given a new identity and meaning in the newtransferential context of love and faith. In response to the question given by the author in the title of the novel: ＂＂Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?＂＂, this paper thus reacts positively with the affirmative answer: ＂Yes, they do, as long as we love the androids and have faith on their existence and the truth of their world.＂

並列關鍵字

dystopian ； faith ； love ； salvation ； technology ； transference

參考文獻

Baudrillard, Jean,Glaser, Sheila Faria(Trans.)(1994).Simulacra and Simulation.Ann Arbor:U of Michigan P.

Dick, Philip K.(1968).Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?.New York:Ballantine Books.

Freud, Sigmund,Stratchey, James(Ed. Trans.)(1989).The Future of an Illusion.New York:Norton.

Geraci, Robert M.(2007).Robots and the Sacred in Science and Science Fiction: Theological Implications of Artificial Intelligence.Zygon.42(4),961-80.

Krell, David Farrel(Ed.)(1993).Martin Heidegger: Basic Writings from "Being and Time" (1927) to "The Task of Thinking" (1964).London:Routledge.