透析病人改善營養不良的重要性－營養諮詢與營養介入之應用

The Importance of Improving Malnutrition in Dialysis Patients -- The Strategies of Nutrition Consult and Intervention

吳紅蓮(Hung-Lien Wu)

《腎臟與透析》 29卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 49-53

https://doi.org/10.6340/KD.2017.29(1).10

摘要

在透析病人引起營養不良的原因如蛋白質及熱量攝取不足與活動量不足等。治療營養不良策略: 營養諮詢與營養介入如少量多餐、透析治療時增加餐次、口服補充營養品、提供高生理價蛋白質、以仿藥式給法來供應熱量，若未改善則需積極治療包括增加營養補充品的量與次數及改變供應的方法，甚至採用管灌食或靜脈營養。對攝取不足的病人應每日再額外補充蛋白質20 克及熱量400 大卡，來維持病人良好的營養以獲得最佳的身體狀況及生活品質。

關鍵字

透析 ； 營養不良 ； 營養諮詢 ； 營養補充

並列摘要

A number of problems, such as inadequate intake of protein and calorie and lack of physical activity, may lead to malnutrition in patients undergoing dialysis. Strategies to manage malnutrition include nutrition counseling and nutrition intervention such as smaller, but more frequent meals, oral nutritional supplements during dialysis, providing high-biological value protein, and to supply liquid diet with pill intake. When these interventions are inadequate, aggressive treatment including increasing the frequent and amount and changing the supply methods of nutritional supplements, or the use of NG-feeding and parenteral nutrition may be considered. Specifically for patients with inadequate intake, additional protein of 20 g/day and calories 400 kcal/day should be considered to maintain a good nutritional status in order to achieve optimal health and quality of life.

並列關鍵字

dialysis ； malnutrition ； nutritional consult ； nutrition supplement