A well-functioning vascular access can provide regular and effective hemodialysis treatment. To achieve this target, many efforts were done, including appropriate follow-up before the start of long-term hemodialysis treatment, timely referral, preoperative evaluation, as well as post-operative wound care, exercises training, return visits, and even prevention of complications during long-term treatment. This article summarizes some of the latest Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative Clinical Practice Guidelines for Vascular Access issued in 2019, in accordance with domestic medical practices in Taiwan, and provides readers with one of the references for clinical application.