骨質疏鬆狀態對牙齒喪失、臨床附連及齒槽嵴高度之影響

骨質疏鬆症是一逐漸為世人所重視的重要疾病，它是受多種因素影響，與年齡相關之骨代謝疾病，主要的特徵是骨密度逐漸下降。骨質疏鬆症所引起之系統性骨喪失，造成骨頭在質與量方面之下降，同時也增加了骨折之危險性，影響層面亦涵蓋牙醫領域。成年人無牙狀態造成之主因乃是牙齒喪失及牙周支持組織疾病，如齲齒或牙周疾病等。無牙狀態與骨質疏鬆症一樣，除了會降低了個人的生活品質也增加醫療照護系統之負擔，已成為嚴重的公共衛生問題。不幸的，無牙狀態與骨質疏鬆症間之關係與機轉仍所知有限，亟待進一步深入研究。本文就骨質疏鬆症之歷史、定義與分類作一簡單之歸納，並針對顎面骨骨質疏鬆之放射線評估及其對牙齒喪失、牙周臨床附連喪失及齒槽塉高度之影響作一文獻之回顧。

關鍵字

骨質疏鬆症；骨密度；牙齒喪失；臨床附連喪失；齒槽塉高度；牙周疾病

並列摘要

Osteoporosis, one of the most important health concerns all over the world, is a multifactorial and age-related metabolic bone disease. The most noticeable characteristic is decreasing bone mineral density. The process of osteoporosis involves quantity (density) and quality of bone and further becomes a predisposing factor in the increasing risk of bone fracture or diseases of tooth. Both tooth loss and diseases that bring about the destruction in tooth-supporting structure, such as caries and periodontal disease, are the major causes that result in adult’s edentulous state. What’s worse, both osteoporosis and edentulousness have become well-known health problems, which significantly burden the medical-care systems and seriously lower the quality of human life. However, limited studies focused on the relationships between the orofacial osteoporosis and tooth-supporting structures. Detail mechanisms of osteoporosis or systematic bone loss and relationships between the tooth supporting structures are still need to be explored. This literature not only briefly summarizes the history, definition and classification of osteoporosis, but also reviews most of the osteoporosis studies, which have been used in association with current radiographic analyses, tooth loss, clinical periodontal attachment loss and alveolar crest height in the orofacial field.

並列關鍵字

Osteoporosis ； Bone density ； Tooth loss ； Clinical attachment loss ； Alveolar crest height ； Periodontal disease

國際替代計量

骨質疏鬆狀態對牙齒喪失、臨床附連及齒槽嵴高度之影響

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