古埃及藝術中的花卉主題表現

The Floral Theme in Ancient Egyptian Art

王志萍

《藝術學報》 74期 (2004/08) Pp. 231-245

https://doi.org/10.6793/JNTCA.200408.0231

摘要

研究世界藝術史中有關『花卉紋樣』的發展時，古埃及藝術中的花卉表現是不可不提的，十九世紀末即有美國與奧地利學者間著名的藝術史論戰，然而皆從『紋飾』的比對與考據著手，形式上的風格演變才是史家關注的焦點！但是面對古埃及藝術中極其豐富的花卉表現，花卉在古埃及藝術裡，絕非僅居裝飾的角色，而是藝術表現的主體內容！人們從單純的愛花、進而體悟生命流轉之眞理，並將「花」展現於其物質生活的裝點與精神生活的寄託上，自然的形成一種有別於植物界花學的一種『人文花學』，是古埃及人接受自然洗禮，敞開所有的感官知覺（眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意）進行深刻的審美體驗後，所留下來最美好的文化見證。本文特別蒐集、整理、精選古埃及文物、藝術中與花卉主題表現相關的部分，期能以另類的角度探索古埃及的藝術與文化。

並列摘要

When discussing the development of ”floral motif” in art history, the ancient Egyptian floral motifs are so unique in forms and symbolic in meaning that could hardly be ignored. By the end of 19th century the consisting historical debates on ancient Egyptian floral motifs between American and Austrian scholars had started. What they concerned the most are the stylistic transactions of floral designs. Floral motifs in Egyptian art have been severely examined and deconstructed by these painstaking scholars into numerous mechanical graphical fragments.
However flowers in ancient Egyptian art are so abundant in expression that they appear in almost every field of Egyptian art-architecture, ceramics, gold and silver ware, jewelry, papyrus scroll, sculpture, stone carving, wall painting etc. Flowers must have played an extremely important role in ancient Egyptian material life and spiritual world.
More than just a decorative element in Egyptian art, flowers have been the thematic contents of ancient Egyptian art. This article based on the preceding researches, by assembling and analyzing more ancient Egyptian art pieces of flora theme from the most well-known Egyptian collections tried to explore the counterparts between the Egyptian art forms and art contents.