高職學生認知型態與職業道德判斷之研究

The Study of Cognitive Style and Vocational Moral Judgment inVocational Senior High School Students

劉美慧(Mei-Hwei Liu)

《公民訓育學報》 3期 (1993/06) Pp. 443-482

https://doi.org/10.6231/CME.1993(3)18

摘要

本研究旨在探討高職學生認知型態與職業道德判斷的關係，並分析不同背景（性別、科別、年級）之學生的認知型態及職業道德判斷的差異性。因此，本研究以個人背景及認知型態為自變項，以職業道德判斷成熟度為依變項。採相關研究法分析認知型態與職業道德判斷之關係。本研究以二百五十二名工業及商業類科的高職學生為研究對象，以「團體藏圖測驗」及自編之「職業道德判斷測驗」為研究工具，採問卷及晤談調查法蒐集資料。所得資料，分別以x^2考驗、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、及逐步多元迴歸分析法進行分析，歸納結論如下：壹、認知型態方面（一）高職學生場地獨立型的認知型態略，多於場地依賴型。（二）高職學生的認知型態不因性別及科別之不同而有差異。（三）高職學生的認知型態因年級之不同而有差異。貳、職業道德判斷方面（一）高職學生的職業道德判斷發展在以人際關係和諧為導向的階段（成規層次的第三階段）（二）高職學生的職業道德判斷不因性別與科別之不同而有差異。（三）高職學生的職業道德判斷因年級之不同而有差異。叁、職業道德類目判斷方面（一）高職學生對不同職業道德類目的判斷因認知型態不同而有差異。（二）高職學生對職業道德類目的判斷不因性別之不同而有差異。（三）科別對高職學生職業道德類目判斷之差異不一致。（四）年級對高職學生職業道德類目判斷之差異不一致。肆、認知型態與職業道德判斷的關係（一）高職學生的職業道德判斷因認知型態之不同而有差異。（二）高職學生對職業道德類目的判斷因認知型態之不同而有差異。（三）認知型態與職業道德判斷有正相關存在。（四）認知型態為職業道德判斷的有效預測變項。根據本研究之結論，擬提出以下建議事項：壹、促進高職學生場地獨立型認知型態的發展貳、提昇高職學生職業道德判斷能力的發展叁、對職業道德教育之建議（一）適應學生的認知型態，實施職業道德教育。（二）配合學生的個別差異，設計職業道德教育。（三）兼顧不同內涵的職業道德類目，編纂職業道德教材。

並列摘要

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between cognitive style and vocational moral judgment. Cognitive style were used as independent variables, while vocational moral judgment dependent variable.The 252 participants, selected from vocational senior high school by random-sampling method, were tested on Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and The Measurement of Vocational Moral Judgment. Analyses included: t tests, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were as follow:I. congnitive style1. Vocational senior high school students intend to be field-independent.2. The cognitive style of vocational senior high school students of sexes and departments do not reach a statistically significant level of difference.3. The cognitive style of vocational senior high school students of three grade levels reach a statistically significant level of difference.II. vocational moral judgment1. The stage of vocational moral judgment of vocational senior high schoo1 students is the interpersonal concordance orientation (stage 2).2. The vocational moral judgment of vocational senior high school students of sexes and departments do not reach a statistically significant level of difference.3. The vocational moral judgment of vocational senior high school students of three grade levels reach a statistically significant level of difference.III. judgment on various vocational moralities1. Vocational senior high school students' judgment on 'incorruption', 'law-abidance','responsibility', and 'service' is mature while judgment on 'work-respect', 'trustworthiness' and 'obedience' is less mature.2. No significant differences on various vocational moralities are found between male and female students.3. The judgments on 'incorruption' and 'law-abidance' of industrial department students are more mature than commercial department students.4. The judgments on various moralities of three grade levels students reach a statistically significant level of difference.IV. cognitive style and vocational moral judgment1. The students of field-independent style are more mature in vocational moral judgment than field-dependent ones.2. Field-independent students' judgment on 'incorrupt', 'law-abiding', 'work-expecting', 'trustworthy', 'obedience', 'responsible' and 'service' are more mature than field-dependent students.3. Significant positive correlation existed between cognitive style, and vocational moral judgment.4. Cognitive style could predict vocational moral judgment effectively.