The persistent vegetative state is evaluated from the medical point of view. The principles of management for such patients recommended by American Academy of Neurology are presented. Various types of euthanasia and their ethical considerations are then discussed in order to provide a reasonable solution for euthanasia among people in persistent vegetative state. The second part of the article is focused on the possible beneficial impact of thanatology on the ordinary people when they are facing death. The advantages and limitations of Confucian theory, Daoism, Christianity, and Buddhism are evaluated in respect to their influence of Chinese when facing death. The different characters of various religions are discussed and the compatibility among them and scientific doctrines considered. The harmony between Zen and Daoism in their theories and actual performances may be very helpful in formulating the concept of ultimate meaning of living and death, and is essential for bringing peace to the dying process.