危機管理機制建立之研究

The Study for the Mechanism of Crisis Management

鄭美華(Mei-Hua Cheng)

《通識研究集刊》 4期 (2003/12) Pp. 193-224

https://doi.org/10.6488/JCGE.200312.0193

摘要

天然或爲爲災害乃人類自古以亟欲避免又不得不面對的問題，台灣的地理位置，僅次於歐亞大陸板塊與菲律賓海板塊聚合交界，屬頻繁的地震帶，爲世界上有感地震最多的地區之一。以自然環境而言，海拔五百公尺以上的山地，逾全島面積的一半，因地熱狹長高山坡度高，河川短淺，一般天然災害如：颭風豪雨帶來的風災、水災、洪旱、地震頻繁，山坡地也因濫墾，搶建，過度開發而危機四伏。由於多樣性災害伴隨發生，經常造成民衆生命財産不可彌補的傷害與損失。都市化的結果，人口及産業集中，意外災害往往造成重大傷亡。近年來除天然災害外，人爲災害亦導致重大傷亡，挑戰整體危機管理機制的運作，危機事件處於一觸即發之狀態；危機管理之強力作爲，乃成爲社會各界對學校最殷切的期待。亟待結合政府、社會、社區、民衆個人，建立正確危機管理意識，並強化災害防救與危機管理機制，庶免影響國家°國際間的形象。爲建立危機管理應有之作爲模式，以期預防危機、減輕傷害及危機後迅速複原，危機管理系統中，包括計畫的研擬、危害的分析、動員能量評估或相關資源的運用均應重視，除危機管理小組之建立外，有效的決策系統、快速通聯傳輸系統及危機動態資料庫，是危機管理機制順利運作的主要關鍵。

關鍵字

危機管理機制 ； 危機管理決策系統 ； 快速通聯傳輸系統 ； 動員能量評估

並列摘要

Natural or man-made disasters are the problems that mankind had no choices but to face since ancient periods. Taiwan’s geological distribution is on the seismic belt that is the one of most frequently earthquakes area in the world. According to the natural environment view, the mountain areas of elevation above 500 meters sea level are over half of the measure of area in the whole island. Because of the long and narrow topography with high inclination, the rivers are short and shallow, however the natural disasters including typhoons, floods, droughts, earthquakes occurred very often, the mountain slope bog down in crisis for deforestation, and get the building in quickly. Owing to the multiple disasters happened simultaneously so that always injured and damaged people seriously and irrecoverably.
As a result of urbanization, population and industry have increasingly concentrated and there have been so many disasters and accidents made weighty casualties. Recent years, not only natural disasters invade us severely but also man-made disasters attack us often. All of the disasters have -taken as challenges to entire mechanism for crisis management of government manipulation. We should combine the government, society, communities and individuals to build the accurate crisis consciousness and enhance the mechanisms so as to get the better international country image.On the purpose of establishing crisis management models, preparedness, mitigation and recovery for crisis, the proposal for crisis management system, the detriment analysis, the evaluation of the mobilization energy and the utilization of resources are all important parts. Besides of the crisis management subdivisions, the efficient policy making system, speedy transference coordination system and crisis development data banks are the key points for crisis management mechanism manipulate smoothly and successfully

並列關鍵字

mechanism of crisis management ； crisis management decision-making system ； speedy transference coordination system ； evaluation of mobilization resources