銀行效率與獨占力之評估

A Study of Banking Efficiency and Market Power

邱永和 ； 陳玉涓

《亞太經濟管理評論》 8卷1期 (2004/09) Pp. 49-65

https://doi.org/10.30087/APEMR.200409.0004

摘要

自一九七O年代後期以來，各國紛紛將經營不彰的國營事業移轉由民間來經營，全球無論是已開發或開發中國家，公營事業民營化運動已成為世界經濟潮流之一。各國追求民營化的主因在於：公營事業因缺乏競爭，以致經營效率低落，故藉著公營事業民營化，來提高經營績效。
我國銀行產業自開放民營化後，原本的公營銀行轉變為部份股權為一般大眾持有，部份為政府持有之「混合型企業」(Mixed enterprise)。在我國銀行產業民營化的轉變過程中，混合型企業是否可達成「引進競爭，提高經營績效」是值得分析的主題；另外，一般文獻皆未考量獨占力對銀行效率的影響。因此針對上述問題，本研究採用兩種方式來估算本國銀行之效率，並檢定銀行效率與獨占力的關係，第一種方法為：由Battese and Coelli (1995)建立之隨機邊界模型，求個別銀行的無效率指標值；第二種方式以資料包絡法來衡量銀行的效率指標值。兩種方法之實証結果顯示，混合型銀行並非最有效率的型態，且各銀行之獨占力會影響其效率。

關鍵字

混合型企業 ； 民營化 ； 銀行效率 ； 隨機邊界模型 ； 資料包絡法

並列摘要

In the latter of 1970, many countries had transferred the public enterprises with poor performance to partially owned by private sectors. This privatization has become a trade on the global economic world in either the developed countries or the developing countries. The reasons for privatization are summarized as follows: lack of competition in the public enterprises, productive inefficiency, and bad operating performance. Therefore, most of governments believe that the privatization has ability to change the conventional enterprises' motives and to increase the productive efficiency. As a result of the privatization, the public enterprises become a mixed enterprise defined as a firm partially owned by the government and partially owned by the private investors.
In the recent years, Taiwan has sold some public stocks in the market and gradually transferred partial ownership of public enterprises to the public in order to improve Taiwan free trade ability and internationalization. However, Privatization in Taiwan can increase the production efficiency which is worth of discussing. At the same time, most studies of mixed enterprises are not observed in a competitive environment. So, this study is try to use model of Battese and Coelli's (1995) stochastic frontier function and DEA methods to estimate inefficiency index and examine the relationship between inefficiency index and market power. The results show that the higher market concentration, the higher bank inefficiency.

並列關鍵字

Mixed Enterprise ； Privatization ； Efficiency ； Stochastic Frontier ； DEA

參考文獻

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