盤古神話探源

To Retrace the Myth of Pan Gu

朱心怡(Hsin-Yi Chu)

《東華人文學報》 6期 (2004/07) Pp. 1-24

https://doi.org/10.6420/DHJHS.200407.0001

摘要

盤古神話首見於三國時期徐整《三五曆紀》和《五運歷年記》的記錄，雖此二書早已亡佚，但盤古神話卻從此後來居上，不但成為中國唯一的創世神話，盤古更取代先秦以來女媧的地位，成為中國的人根之祖。
然以盤古神話出現的時間過遲，不免啟人疑竇：盤古神話是否真為中國原創的神話，抑或是外來的神話。對此，歷來學者有許多不同的說法，如有持中原說者，持南來說者，持印度說者，眾說紛紜。然則盤古神話的核心元素，諸如「混沌」與「化」的思想，其實早見於先秦道家文獻，所以中國本土應有產生盤古神話條件。證以楚人對天地起源的關注，古楚都丹陽為今丹江流域，今丹江流域為曲瑤等民族所居，尚保留諸多盤古神話及盤王信仰，或可提供我們思考盤古神話源於楚之可能。

關鍵字

盤古 ； 混沌 ； 化

並列摘要

The myth of Pan-Gu was first recorded by Xu Zheng at San-Guo period. Since then, the myth of Pan-Gu became one of the important myth in China. Because none of other myth had talked about how the world was created before. And Pan-Gu even replaced Nu-Wa as the first ancestor of Chinese.
But before San-Guo period, no books had ever record the story of Pan-Gu. So many scholars thought that the myth of Pan-Gu maybe came from other nation, ex: Babylon or Indian, or the minority group of South-China. Still there are some scholars insisted that Pan-Gu is China’s native myth. In fact, we found out that the mean elements of Pan-Gu, such as “Chaos” and “incarnation”, existing in ancient Taoism’s books and records. Which means that the myth of Pan-Gu may not translated from other nation but Chu.

並列關鍵字

Pan-Gu ； Chaos ； incarnation

參考文獻

西漢劉安編著、高誘注(1989)。淮南子。江蘇:上海古籍出版社。

魏王弼注(1983)。老子道德經。台北:台灣商務印書館。

晉郭璞傳、清郝懿行箋疏(1983)。山海經箋疏。台北:漢京文化事業有限公司。

宋程頤(1990)。易程傳。台北:文律出版社。

宋羅泌(1983)。路史。台北:中華書局。