政策與地理區位在農村經濟重整中的角色：中國江蘇的實證研究

Policy and Location in Rural Economic Restructuring: An Empirical Analysis of Jiangsu Province, PRC.

蘇淑娟(Shew-Jiuan B. Su)

《環境與世界》 2期 (1998/11) Pp. 39-66

https://doi.org/10.6304/EAW.1998.2.3

摘要

中國經濟的重整、再造當中，以農村經濟的建全與否為最重要的催化劑，而中國農村經濟的發展又以鄉鎮企業的成長與變革為主力。所以，本研究試圖就1978~1991江蘇省的鄉鎮企業的產值、員工人數和經濟效率等三方面，來分析一九八0年代影響中國沿海地帶至深的三個開放政策，以及江蘇省地理區位的四個特徵等因素如何與鄉鎮企業互動。
就政策的分析而言，1985及1988的開放政策對鄉鎮企業有正面而深遠的影響。就地理區位條件的分析而言，水運交通對鄉鎮企業發展的正面影響最為一致；在所謂「城市」的鄉鎮企業比「縣」內的鄉鎮企業的發展較差，原因與政治的控制不無關係。就蘇南與蘇北的比較分析而言，蘇南鄉鎮企業普遍有較好的發展，但是蘇南卻非私有鄉鎮企業的天堂。

關鍵字

鄉鎮企業 ； 開放政策 ； 地理區位 ； 農村經濟重整 ； 江蘇

並列摘要

The rural economic restructuring of China has been strongly influenced by the development of township-village enterprises. Thus, the condition of TVEs reflects very much the rural economic vitality of China. The production value, employment and economic efficiency of TVEs at the county level of Jiangsu Province, China, are analyzed against the effects of geographical attributes and open door policies of the 1980s. Some policy implications and connotation for future rural industrial development can be drawn from the empirical results.
In terms of policy effect, the open door policies of 1985 and 1988 have positive correlation with production value and employment of TVEs. Water transportation is one important-geographical attribute that contributes positively to township-village enterprises. Being designated as city becomes a predicament for the development of township-village enterprises, but being located in southern Jiangsu proves to be beneficial for rural industrial development.

並列關鍵字

township-village enterprise ； open door policy ； location ； rural economic restructuring ； Jiangsu