日治時代的糖業移民聚落初探－以移民寮和農場寮仔為例

The Preliminary Study on Sugar Industry Immigration Settlement During Japanese Periods in Taiwan-an Example of 'Yi Min Liau' and 'Nong Charng Liau'

吳育臻(Yu-Chen Wu)

《環境與世界》 4期 (2000/11) Pp. 41-57

https://doi.org/10.6304/EAW.2000.4.3

摘要

本文旨在藉由糖業移民聚落深入探討糖廠的設立對地方的影響，發現糖廠在提供地方就業機會的同時，也引起小地區的人口遷徒，進而產生新的移民聚落，這種新的移民聚落主要可分成兩種，即由製糖株式會社主辦的移民事業所形成的“移民寮”和自營農場招募勞工所形成的“農場寮仔”。
製糖會社招募移民或農場勞工，為位於溪畔或海岸邊陲地區的居民帶來就業機會和提供安身立命的所在，因此，殖民地經濟論中僅以剝削來說明製糖會社和農民的關係是不夠周延且有欠公允的。文中首先說明日治時代的糖業發展與會社獲取原料的方式，接著嘗試為糖業移民聚落定義，並闡釋“移民寮”和“農場寮仔”聚落產生的緣由，然後敘明日治台灣殖民地經濟論的主要觀點，最後以不同視角來看糖業移民聚落在殖民地經濟上的意義。

關鍵字

糖業移民聚落 ； 新式製糖業 ； 自營農場 ； 移民寮 ； 農場寮仔

並列摘要

What would happen when a place set up a sugar industry factory? How a sugar industry factory would influence the peasants? This paper tries to answer the two questions.
We find that the sugar industry factory provided employments for the peasants and caused a little scale population immigration. We call it as 'sugar industry immigration settlement'. There were two types:'Yi Min Liau' and 'Nong Charng Liau'.
Nearly all the papers that explained the relationship between sugar industrial company and peasants during Japanese periods describe it as one word-'exploitation'. This paper tries to view from another viewpoints.
With the example of sugar industry immigration settlement, this paper discusses the Japanese colonial economic theory, the conclusion is: peasants, who lived in frontier like as by the side of a river or in the vicinity of the coast, their living environments were hardship. The modern sugar industrial companies provided employments for them. So describe as 'exploitation', is not comprehensive.

並列關鍵字

sugar industry immigration settlement ； modern sugar industry ； self-running farm ； 'Yi Mm Liau' ； 'Nong Charng Liau'