- 期刊
台灣國際領隊的地理素養之研究
The Study on the Geography Literacy of the Tour Manager in Taiwan
摘要
西元2000 年起台灣民眾出國一年已經突破七百萬人次，出國旅遊民眾之中有許多是參加旅行社的旅行團，旅遊的品質與帶團的領隊息息相關，因此，領隊扮演非常重要的角色。台灣的國際領隊雖都是經由考試及格，領有國際領隊證，但是因政府未做嚴格規定，領隊的地理素養相差頗多，解說能力也因其個人的能力與知識有所差異。 本研究將各國的領隊認證制度作一比較，了解許多國家對於領隊地理素養方面的要求，以及證照取得和訓練方式，藉由其他國家或地區隊領隊的規範來反思與檢討台灣領隊認證制度的缺點。本研究所指地理素養是依據文獻中所稱之自然地理、人文地理等知識與空間辨認之地理技能等。研究中將地理素養細分為四十個變項，訪問現職領隊，得知台灣的國際領隊所具備的地理素養較佳者為：一、會看地圖；二、該地最適合安排的活動；三、辨認位置的能力；四、治安狀況；五、美食產品；六、節慶活動；七、風俗特色；八、該地的作息時間；九、商品特色；十、該地的工藝品等。國際領隊較不了解且應加強的地理素養前十項為：一、岩石土壤；二、漁業產品；三、礦產特色；四、植物特色；五、林業特色；六、水源性質；七、河川特色；八、海洋特色；九、農產品特色；十、工業產品。 台灣國際領隊的地理知識來源以來自旅行社受訓最多，其次是自己閱讀書報，第三是來自小學至高中的教育，來自大專以上教育稍嫌不足。因此將來要加強國際領隊的地理素養，除了要多借重旅行社的在職訓練之外，大專以上相關科系的觀光地理教育更應加強。
並列摘要
In 2000, over 7 million Taiwanese took overseas trips, and most of them joined group tours organized by travel agencies. In a tour group, the role of a tour manager is very important, which could be a decisive factor for the quality of the trip. In Taiwan, a licensed international tour manager is required to pass an examination, but the quality varies. By comparing the validation systems and training programs of tour managers in different countries, this study aims to discuss the requirements of a qualified international tour manager. According to interviews with licensed international tour managers in Taiwan, the top ten geographic requirements for a qualified tour manager are: 1. map literacy; 2.appropriate program arrangement; 3. sense of direction; 4. knowledge of local security conditions; 5. knowledge of food with local flavor; 6. knowledge of events and festivals; 7.knowledge of local customs and practices; 8. knowledge of local behaviors and habits; 9.knowledge of features of merchandise; 10. knowledge of local handicrafts. The top ten geographic knowledge gaps of international tour managers are: 1. rock and soil; 2. fishery products; 3. mineral products; 4. plant and vegetation; 5. forestry; 6.water resources; 7. potamology; 8. marine resources; 9. agriculture products; 10. industrial products.The main source of geographic knowledge for international tour managers is trainingprograms by travel agencies. Some rely on self-education. The third source is education received from elementary school to high school. Education received in college and above contributes very few to the geographic knowledge of international tour managers. In conclusion, to improve the geographic knowledge of international tour managers,on-job trainings by travel agencies are not enough. Geography education in related departments in college and above should also be further strengthened.