「臨終病患生活品質照護概念架構」之論析

Analysis of 「the Concept of Quality of Life of Dying Persons in the Context of Health Care」

李佩珊(Pei-Shan Lee)

《安寧療護雜誌》 8卷3期 (2003/08) Pp. 299-308

https://doi.org/10.6537/TJHPC.2003.8(3).5

摘要

社會大眾在尋求醫療照顧時，不再只是要求疾病痊癒或延長生命，而是進一步的希望得到高品質的生活，所以生活品質探討遂成為醫療措施計劃與執行的重點，並且為現今醫療評量照護結果的最佳指標，故提高病患的生活品質，成了醫療人員努力的方向。
Stewart et al （1999）所發展出的臨終病患生活品質照護概念架構，是用來評估嚴重疾病的瀕死病人及他的家人們特別是在最後幾個月的生活，並著重在提供評估臨終病人的生活品質指標，強調從結構、過程及結果三大層面來探討影響生活品質的因素。這個理論架構包含三個範圍1.病人與家屬因素，影響健康照顧及照顧的結果2.照顧的結構及過程3.照顧的結果，這之中又包含五項重要的概念1.病人和社會環境2.照護的結構3.照護的過程4.照護的滿意度5.生活品質與壽命。此一完整的概念架構促使護理人員能運用來發展促進照護品質之護理措施，進而使臨終病患及家屬的生活品質得到改善。

關鍵字

生活品質 ； 臨終病人

並列摘要

In pursuing medical care, the general public is no longer looking for curing of a disease or prolonging of life only; they gradually shifts to the ultimate goal in promoting the quality of life instead. Hence, the investigation of this issue has become the main focus of design and execution of our medical practices and measures. Moreover, quality assessment and improvement of a patient’s life was deemed as the best index of medical care nowadays, so working toward this direction become an inseparable responsibility of every medical personnel.
Stewart et al (1999) developed a model regarding the quality-care of dying patients. In this model, he assessed the last few months of lives of those dying patients who had serious illness, along with their family members. As far as the qualities of lives of these patients were concerned, he emphasized on investigations form three dimensions, including structure, process and conclusion, to analyze the factors that would affect the qualities of lives of these patients. This theoretical framework encompasses three areas of concerns: 1. the factors associated with patients and their families to affect the health care and its outcome, 2. the structure and process of caring, 3. the outcome of caring. Among these areas of concerns, they involve five important concepts such as: 1. patients and their social environment, 2. the structure of caring, 3. the process of caring, 4. the degree of satisfaction of caring, 5. quality of life and life expectancy. These comprehensive conceptual frameworks enable nursing staffs to utilize and develop the nursing care policies which promote higher standards of caring, so that those dying patients and their family members would receive better quality of life.

並列關鍵字

quality of life ； dying patients