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機器人定位量測裝置應用之比較

A Comparison of Measurement Devices Applied in Robot Calibration

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摘要


利用簡單可行的校準方法,以提高工業機器人的定位精確度,使機器人能真正做到離線的程式控制,一直是從事機器人校準的學者們努力希望達到的目標。本文將以三種易於實際用來校準機器人方法作比較分析。這些方法均以Rodrigue's公式所導出的位移矩陣,作為描述機器人輪廓運動之數學模式的基礎,然後利用測試頭、數位式量表組和雷射位移計等三種不同的量測裝置,分別量取在數學模式上可應用但型式不同的校準數接以進行參數估算。此外,應用三種不同的量測裝置所量取不同型式的校準數據分別對PUMA560機器人實際校準後之定位精度的影響和差異,亦有分析討論。

並列摘要


Robot calibration is a process to improve the robot accuracy by software modifications without changing the mechanical structure or design of the robot. This paper presents a comparison of three similar robot calibration procedure. The kinematic model used in all of three methods is the one derived from the Rodrigue's formula. In the model, robot geometry is represented by kinematic parameters. Each calibration procedure utilizes a specific measuring device to collect robot pose data from which the actual kinematic parameters can be identified. In addition to describing the hardware this paper also includes the calibration results based on the experimental data.

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