Prostate Cancer: Retrospective Comparison of Digital Rectal Examination, Transrectal Ultrasonography and Prostate-Specific Antigen

肛門指診、經直腸超音波及前列腺特異抗原在前列腺癌診斷上的回溯研究比較

兵祖毅(Tsu-Yih Chiu) ； 黃鶴翔(Ho-Shiang Huang) ； 陳淳(Jun Chen) ； 勞漢信(Han-Shin Law) ； 謝德生(Teh-Sheng Hsieh) ； 陳世乾(Shyh-Chyan Chen) ； 謝汝敦(Ju-Ton Hsieh) ； 余宏政(Hong-Jeng Yu) ； 林明中(Ming-Chung Lin) ； 劉詩彬(Shih-Ping Liu) ； 王中敬(Chung-Jen)

《中華民國泌尿科醫學會雜誌》 4卷4期 (1993/12) Pp. 1206-1211

https://doi.org/10.7024/JUAROC.199312.1206

摘要

Retrospectively records of 121 patients of prostate cancer and 127 patients of benign prostate hyperplasia, as a control group, were reviewed. Almost half (46.3%) of the prostate cancer were Stage D, and 46 cases (38%) were clinically localized cancer (Stages A, B) in this study. The cutoff point of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was set at 10 ng/ml to have higher specificity (81.9%) and accuracy rate (80.7%). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate of digital rectal examinations (DRE) were 66.1%, 92.9% and 79.8%; the statistical results of transrectal sonography (TRUS) were 59.5%, 89.8% and 75%, respectively. Although there were significant differences in applying each of these three methods in detecting prostate cancer in its advanced stages compared with localized stages (DRE:P＜0.001; TRS:P＜0.001; PSA:P＜0.05), there was no significant difference among these three methods in detecting prostate cancer in either the whole cancer group (X2(2)=3.2391, P＞0.1) or the localized cancer subgroup (X2(2)=4.9785, P＞0.05). Combining findings from DRE, PSA and TRUS, it is possible to predict cancer with the highest degree of accuracy (Odds ratio=124.3). These results have allowed development of clinical guidelines for accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.

並列摘要

Retrospectively records of 121 patients of prostate cancer and 127 patients of benign prostate hyperplasia, as a control group, were reviewed. Almost half (46.3%) of the prostate cancer were Stage D, and 46 cases (38%) were clinically localized cancer (Stages A, B) in this study. The cutoff point of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was set at 10 ng/ml to have higher specificity (81.9%) and accuracy rate (80.7%). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate of digital rectal examinations (DRE) were 66.1%, 92.9% and 79.8%; the statistical results of transrectal sonography (TRUS) were 59.5%, 89.8% and 75%, respectively. Although there were significant differences in applying each of these three methods in detecting prostate cancer in its advanced stages compared with localized stages (DRE:P＜0.001; TRS:P＜0.001; PSA:P＜0.05), there was no significant difference among these three methods in detecting prostate cancer in either the whole cancer group (X2(2)=3.2391, P＞0.1) or the localized cancer subgroup (X2(2)=4.9785, P＞0.05). Combining findings from DRE, PSA and TRUS, it is possible to predict cancer with the highest degree of accuracy (Odds ratio=124.3). These results have allowed development of clinical guidelines for accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.

並列關鍵字

prostatic neoplasms ； diagnosis ； ultrasonography ； antigens