天竺鼠之實驗性鼻塞對呼吸及動脈血氣體變化的影響

Influence of Experimental Nasal Obstruction on Respiration and Arterial Blood Gas Change in Guinea Pigs

顏永欣(Yung-Hsin Yen) ； 李憲彥(Shiann-Yann Lee)

《中華民國耳鼻喉科醫學會雜誌》 28卷2期 (1993/04) Pp. 89-97

https://doi.org/10.6286/1993.28.2.89

摘要

臨床上發現當人的鼻腔部分或完全阻塞時，會行口呼吸而造成氣道阻力增加，肺臟功能降低及動脈血氣體改變。本實驗是藉由動脈血氣體分析來探討天竺鼠鼻腔完全阻塞時，以口代償呼吸所造成的呼吸機能動力變化。以48隻雌性天竺鼠依照年齡平均分為4組：第1組（11天離奶）、第2組（3週齡）、第3組（6週齡）及第4組（12週齡）。每組12隻天竺鼠中任選6隻為對照組。天竺鼠兩側鼻孔阻塞後，前72小時內觀察其呼吸速率及動脈血氣體變化。第1、2組於術後50到60小時內死亡，第3組於術後80到90小時內死亡，而第4組於2到12小時內死亡。所有實驗組在第1小時內呼吸速率增加，並在24小時內恢復正常速率。4組實驗組均發生呼吸性酸中毒、高二氧化碳血症及血氧不足。術後天竺鼠在屍體剖檢時，發現有巨胃及巨結腸現象，胃及腸均是空的，充滿了氣體。我們認為胃及腸中氣體量增加使橫膈上升是實驗動物的主要死因。

關鍵字

動脈血氣體 ； 巨胃 ； 巨結腸

並列摘要

Clinical trials on patients with partial or total nasal obstruction have shown that oral breathing causes change in pulmonary mechanics, increased airway resistance, decreased pulmonary compliance and changes in arterial blood gas pressure. This study proposes to explore the dynamics of changes in respiration through acid base balance analysis and relationship between respiratory disturbance and air swallowing/aspiration. Forty-eight guinea pigs were divided into four groups by age: group I(11-day-old), group Ⅱ(3-week-old), group Ⅲ(6-week-old) and group Ⅳ (12-week-old). Each group comprised twelve guinea pigs, six of the twelve guinea pigs were employed as control group. Respiratory rates and arterial blood gad changes were observed during the first 72 hours following bilaterial experimental nasal obstruction in guinea pigs. The groups I and II experimental animals died 50 to 60 hours postoperatively. The group Ⅲ experimental animals died 80 to 90 hours, and group Ⅳ died 2 to 12 hours postoperatively. Respiratory rates increased within the first one hour and recovered within the first 24 hours postoperatively in all experimental animals. Bilateral nasal obstruction in guinea pigs causes respiratory acidosis, hypercapnia and hypoxemia. The autopsies of experimental animals revealed gastromegaly and megacolon. The stomach and guts were empty and filled with air. The authors suppose the blood gas imbalance and the secondary hypoventilation by distended stomach and guts may be the causes of the experimental animals’death.

並列關鍵字

arterial blood gas ； gastromegaly ； megacolon