由出土文獻論顏淵所好何學

The Research from Archaeological Lliterature on What Yen Yuan Was Learning

賴怡璇(Yi-Syuan Lai)

《國文學誌》 24期 (2012/06) Pp. 113-129

https://doi.org/10.6973/CJ.201206.0113

摘要

《論語．雍也》：「哀公問：『弟子孰為好學？』孔子對曰：『有顏回者好學，不遷怒，不貳過。不幸短命死矣！今也則亡，未聞好學者也。』」程伊川指出「聖人之門，其徒三千，獨稱顏子為好學。…然則顏子所獨好者，何學也？學以至聖人之道也。」由傳世文獻中可見孔子言顏淵為門人中唯一好學者，而伊川更直言顏淵所好者乃「聖人之學」。然，顏淵究竟所好何學？傳世文獻對於顏淵的記載有限，難以確切說明此問題。近年來出土文獻日豐，在《上博五．君子為禮》與《上博八．顏淵問於孔子》二篇中可見顏淵與孔子的對話，因此，可經由出土文獻的記載來確切說明「顏淵所好何學」。

關鍵字

君子為禮 ； 聖人之學 ； 顏淵 ； 顏淵問於孔子

並列摘要

In the chapter of Confucian Analects《Yung Yey》describes: ”Ai Gung asked Confucian that who is the most studious student?” Confucian replied: Yen Huei is. He was not easy to vent his anger on someone and make the same mistakes repeatedly. Unfortunately, he died early and I had never seen such a studious student same as Yen Huei since then.” Mr. Yi Chuan (1033-1107) indicated ”Yen Huei was the one that Confucian only admired he is the hardest student of his three thousands students. However, what kinds of knowledge was Yen Huei learning? Was he learning how to be a sage such as Confucian?” As the archaeological literature shows, Confucian said Yen Huei is the most studious student on learning. And Mr. Yi Chuan also thought that Yen Huei is focusing on learning to be a sage like Confucian.Regarding to what Yen Huei was learning, there is not enough research that discussed on this. Recently, some records show the conversation between Confucian and Yen Hei, such as the articles in Chu Bamboo slips of Shanghai Museum ”Jiun Tz Wei Li, Vol.5” and ”Yen Yuan Wen Yu Confucius, Vol.8”. Therefore, we can exactly indicate what Yen Hei was learning according to these archaeological literatures.

並列關鍵字

Jiun Tz Wei Li ； Sheng Ren Jr Shiue ； Yen Yuan ； Yen Yuan Wen Yu Confucius

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