損耗性商品之整合性二階存貨模式

Integrated Two-Stage Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items

黃惠民(Hui-Ming Wee) ； 吳玫瑩(Mei-Ying Wu) ； 周宗瀚(Tsung-Han Chou)

《中原學報》 29卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 77-86

https://doi.org/10.6358/JCYU.200103.0077

摘要

現今競爭激烈的市場環境中，許多企業以策略整合的方式以降低成本。若只以單方的立場來考量，成本不會是整體之最佳化。唯有以共同的立場為考量，聯合成本才會是整體之最佳，雙方則可獲得最佳之長期利益。在另一方面，現今多數情況下取得充足空間之成本過於昂貴，故可将過多超過自有倉庫容量之貨物儲存在租用臨時倉庫。本研究基於以上之考量，主要探討損耗性商品在製造商與零售商之整合性二階存貨模式，並考慮零售商具倉儲容量限制且需求是一固定己知之常數，而在此環境因素下推導損耗性商品之整合性二階存貨模式。本研究主要是以製造商與零售商之聯合總成本最低為目標，以數學之方式推導並輔以數學軟體及配合程式之撰寫，搜尋最低聯合總成本下之零售商訂購週期與製造商生產週期。最後再以數值之範例加以說明，並透過敏感度分析以了解各參數對存貨模式結果之影響。

關鍵字

存貨 ； 損耗性商品 ； 二階存貨 ； 容量限制 ； 聯合總成本

並列摘要

In current competitive market environment, many businesses apply the policy of strategic integration to reduce the overall cost of the enterprise. This is because if one player makes the decision independently, it will not result in global optimum. Global optimality will only be realized if the perspectives of all players are considered. On the other hand, the high cost of storage results in the need for capacity constraint. Excess stock is to be stored in a rented warehouse whenever the storage capacity of the company ware-house is insufficient. The objective of this study is to develop an optimal joint cost policy from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and the retailer. An integrated two-stage inventory model for deteriorating items is derived for the case of a constant demand rate and a limited retailer storage capacity. A computer code is developed to derive the optimal solution. Numerical examples and sensitivity analyses are given to validate the theory of the inventory system.

並列關鍵字

deteriorating items ； two-stage inventory ； limited storage capacity ； joint cost