彰化縣視覺障礙者之就業狀況及其相關影響因素

本研究以設籍在彰化縣且領有身心障礙手冊之16至64歲的所有視覺障礙者為研究對象，運用訪問調查的方法收集其就業狀況以及影響就業狀況之相關因素的資料。實際參與訪問之對象共計876位，依研究者設計之：「視覺障礙者就業狀況調查表」來收集資料，所得資料經統計分析結果如下：在就業狀況方面，有74.3％的視障者曾經投入就業市場，其中男性比女性多；輕度視覺障礙者比中度及重度視覺障礙者多；國小程度比專科大學及不識字者多；46歲以上者比35歲以下者多；參與過職業訓練者比未參與職業訓練者多。視覺障礙者曾經從事過的工作相當繁雜，按摩是視障者從事最多的單一職種。視障者的就業狀況與其本身的就業能力有關。49.4％之視障者的工作收入不及基本工資的額度，也有部分視障者（9.3%）的月薪在35000元以上。影響就業狀況的因素包括就業能力、就業意願、以及個體資源等三個變項，變項間影響的路徑是：視障者的就業狀況直接受到就業能力與就業意願兩項因素影響；就業意願受到就業能力與個體資源兩項因素影響；就業能力則受到個體資源的影響。

關鍵字

視覺障礙；就業狀況；就業能力；就業意願

並列摘要

This study investigated the vocational status and associated factors of working-age individuals with visual impairments in Changhua Country, Taiwan. The sample included 552 males and 324 females who were between the ages of 16 and 64 years of age at the time of the study. A questionnaire administered during personal interviews with the 45 respondents yielded information on their backgrounds, their ratings on school experience, vocational training experience, employment status, and the abilities of employment. The results indicated that the employment rates of working-age people with visual impairments is 74.3%, and there were significant differences for respondents based on their gender, disability, school experience, and their vocational training experience. Difficulty with mobility, personal care, household activities, social interactions, and physical condition were also the factors that affected the employment rates of people with visual impairments. Male respondents were more likely than female respondents to report higher income levels. The participants lived in country area have problems in the availability of information about vocational training.