管理學者常將企業活動區分為「策略性」與「作業性」兩類,並指出與實證其間確具有差異性。然而,觀諸知識管理文獻,其在數量上雖然已多,但多半趨向於「作業觀」(Operational Perspectives);相對於其他領域,「策略觀點」(Strategic Perspectives)之知識管理研究似乎遠少於作業觀,這對知識管理議題之發展,將產生侷限性。據此,本研究根據文獻及推論,建構一套具十項知識策略屬性之知識管理策略架構,包括知識之內隱-外顯程度、容忍知識延宕之程度、知識可用期間等。此外,文獻多半將知識管理之作法切入研究,甚少從「績效面」來探討知識績效在組織的成效。 有鑑於文獻多傾向將知識管理識題鎖定在目前較具競爭力之科技性產業,對於競爭優勢處萌生階段、轉型階段與衰退階段者,特別是一般性產業及服務業,涉及較少。此外,知識管理議題鮮少與知識績效面相聯結,而文獻對知識績效之建構亦缺乏完整性。根據前述動機,本研究針對天下1000大之績優廠商,並以郵寄問卷之方式,總共寄出600份,經回收整理後有效問卷共計143份,問卷有效回收率為23.83%;並經SAS統計軟體加以分析資料。 本研究之研究結果發現,知識策略屬性與知識績效具有顯著關係。此外亦依據前述十項屬性,將廠商知識策略分為四種類型:汲汲學習群、創新典範型、穩健蓄積型與見賢思齊型,並發現其中以創新典範型績效最佳,見賢思齊型較差,而穩健蓄積型與汲汲學習型間效果戶有軒輊。此外,在不同發展階段之產業間的知識策略屬性差異並不大,而不同發展階段之產業間的知識績效的差異並沒有關係。文末亦提出知識管理策略之相關實務與研究議題若干。
Today is the new century of ”knowledge economy”. The practitioners and academicians begin to focus on the issues of knowledge management (KM). However, most KM literature tends to work on the ”operational side” of KM, while neglects that of ”strategy side (KS)”. Moreover, most literature sorely explored the KM issues of those advantageous hi-tech industries, while failed to study the industries which locating in different advantage stages. Beside, very few articles linked KS with other business functions, such as organizational strategy, marketing strategy, and manufacturing strategy. Finally, the literature still failed to construct and measure the Knowledge performance (KP), and, in turns, failed to explore how the KM activities influence KP. The study sample Top 1000's firms, which were ranked by the Common Wealth Magazine, and mails 600 questionnaires. The percentage of the questionnaires given back were 23.83%. After the results analyzed by the SAS software, this study attempts to explain the issues discussed above. The primary goal of this study is to understand the KP's model, including the measurement and construction to point out the shortcomings of the present situation and to make suggestions for the future direction.