- 期刊
台灣東北部沿岸海域定置漁場鯨鯊漁況變化之探討
Discussion on Variation of Whale Sharks Fishing Condition in Setnet Fishery Around Coast Area Near Northeast of Taiwan
摘要
雖然鯨鯊之生態習性尚有甚多不明之處，資源量亦未獲科學評估;但已獲通過列入CITES之保育等級附錄II物種，漁政當局並以配合實施總量管制80尾/年。 台灣鯨鯊產量，約40%為數設於沿岸之定置網具混獲，尤其以東海岸之宜蘭縣及花蓮縣最多。本研究係以台灣東北部沿岸海域之定置漁場，選擇漁獲努力量(fishing effort)作業穩定之九組定置漁場，分析上水漁獲資料，就1999年至2002年計4年期間之鯨鯊漁況變動，及混獲狀況加以探討。初步結果顯示鯨鯊似乎全年皆來游於台灣沿岸海域，其中以每年1~6越混獲較多，4月份則最多。鯨鯊係追食與翻車魚、鰹等相同之餌料生物而誤入定置網被混獲;除雨天外，晴天與陰天皆有混獲紀錄。上述九組漁場平均每年混獲鯨鯊約23尾，且有七成以上據推測為未成年之鯨鯊。
並列摘要
Although the behavior and resources of whale shark (Rhincodon typus) are still uncertain questions, whale shark has been listed under appendix II of CITES as a species requiring conservation since 2002. However, the whale shark conservation status imposed by CITES is a challenge task in whale shark management in Taiwan. Currently, the Taiwan Government allows a catch quota of 80 whale sharks per year. About 40% catch of whale sharks are caught by setnets unintentionally. Most setnet fishing companies concentrate between Ilan and Hualien counties at northeast of Taiwan. The authors surveyed and analyzed the cathch data of nine setnet companies in these counties from 1999 to 2002. It shows that whale sharks occasionally migrate to Taiwan and swim close to its coastline while in pursuit of prey which also provide for ocean sunfish and skipjack, and blunder into the setnet almost year round. Most of whale sharks are caught from January to June, especially in April. Whale sharks can be caught in sunny and cloud days but not in rainy days. The annual average catch of whale sharks are 23 in the nine fishing companies studied, and more than 70% of whale sharks caught are in their minority.