性罪犯強制治療法規範之探討

Discussion about Compulsory Therapies of Law Regulations on Sex Offenders

方文宗(Wen-Tsung Fang)

《犯罪學期刊》 12卷1期 (2009/06) Pp. 83-106

https://doi.org/10.29607/ZHWHGX.200906.0003

摘要

性罪犯經鑑定評估認爲有再犯危險者，必須接受強制治療，爲立意甚佳的刑事政策，惟性罪犯執行期滿、假釋前，或依法接受身心治療或輔導教育後，經鑑定、評估認爲有再犯危險所作的強制治療，屬於不確定之法律概念，作爲拘束人身自由的依據，有違憲法保障人民基本權。且強制治療應限於法定刑之範圍內，若刑後尚應執行人身自由受拘束之治療，顯然違反罪刑法定原則。再者，強制治療由監所或性侵害防治中心報請檢察官向法院聲請，法院未經公開審理及言詞辯論所爲之裁定，與正當法律程序不合，應比照判決程序方屬恰當。刑罰並非處理社會問題的萬靈丹，刑事政策無法解決全部的社會問題，且刑罰應具謙抑性不宜無限上綱，性罪犯刑期已執畢，縱使經評估認爲具再犯之危險，亦宜由社會福利部門給予適當之處置，以解決其個人及社會的問題，避免刑罰背負違反基本權的困擾。

關鍵字

性罪犯 ； 強制治療 ； 保安處分 ； 罪刑法定原則

並列摘要

Sex offenders, who are evaluated as persons to recommit with risk after authentication, should accept compulsory therapies. It's quite a good criminal strategy but before expiration of the prison term or parole, or after accepting physical and psychological cure or counseling education, compulsory therapies taken after authentication and evaluation to have risk to recommit belong to a kind of indefinite concept of law, which is unconstitutional for protection of civil fundamental rights, as foundation to limit individual freedom. Moreover, compulsory therapies should be limited the scope of the legal punishment. If after punishment, the freedom of a person still needs to be bound by therapies, it's obvious to offend against the principle of nulla poena sine lege (Latin, the former without latter is no crime). Furthermore, compulsory therapies are proposed by the jail or the Sex Assault Prevention Center to the prosecutor to be reviewed by the court, which decides the case without the public trial and oral debate. It's against the due process of law and it is proper to be decided by the strict procedure equivalent to the verdict Punishment should not be the limitless effective drug. The criminal policy can't solve all the problems of the society, as well as the self-restraint character of criminal punishment instead of boundless use. Though a sex offender, after the end of the criminal punishment, even is evaluated as with recommitment risk, the suitable treating ways should be taken by the social welfare units, for the purpose to solve the problems of the individual and the society, avoiding dispute over an affront to the fundamental rights by punishment.

並列關鍵字

Sex Offenders ； Compulsory Therapies ； Protection Treatment ； Nulla Poena Sine Lege

參考文獻

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李惠宗(2006)。憲法要義。台北:元照出版公司。

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