毒品罪再犯率與保護因子研究：以基隆地區爲例

Drug Recidivism Rates and Protective Factors: Using Keelung as an Example

李思賢(Tony Szu-Hsien Lee) ； 吳憲璋(Shyan-Chang Wu) ； 黃昭正(Chao-Cheng Huang) ； 王志傑(Chih-Chieh Wang) ； 石倩瑜(Chien-Yu Shih)

《犯罪學期刊》 13卷1期 (2010/06) Pp. 81-105

https://doi.org/10.29607/ZHWHGX.201006.0003

摘要

本研究目的是估計毒品罪再犯率，以及不再犯毒品罪保護因素。研究採用檔案資料分析法，資料來源是法務部全國刑案查詢系統中，基隆地區毒品犯判刑相關資料，藉由判刑檔案比對毒品犯出監後兩年8個月內毒品罪再犯率與保護因素。研究對象是從2003年1月1日以前離開基隆戒治所列表之1,662人次的毒品犯，隨機擷取25%做爲研究樣本，扣除重複選取的樣本後共有382位，再扣除已經死亡、或因案件仍然在監服刑等因素之29位後，共計353名毒品犯爲本研究探討個案。然後從基隆監獄查詢入監時調查表記載資料，並比對全國刑案查詢系統判刑資料，結果發現353位受戒治人出所半年內、一年內、兩年內與約兩年半內再犯毒品罪被判刑的比率分別爲12.5%（44人）、33.24%（117人）、46.02%（162人）與65.7%（232人）。以邏輯斯迴歸分析沒有再犯罪與再犯罪者的保護因子，結果發現在監期間有無親屬接見、入所前職業、及毒品來源與再犯罪有顯著關係。也就是說，在監期間有家屬前來接見，給予情緒支持對於出監後再犯毒品罪具有保護作用；相對的，判刑進入監所前爲無業與自己出錢購買毒品爲顯著的再犯罪危險因子。存活分析結果發現受戒治人在出監後10個月內的毒品再犯罪率上升較快，同時結果發現有家屬接見者的毒品再犯罪時間顯著較長。根據研究結果建議法務部製作毒品再犯罪防制之家庭手冊，教育親屬如何支持及協助藥癮者戒毒，並鼓勵親屬前往探望受戒治人，建立家庭保護網絡。

關鍵字

毒品再犯罪 ； 職業 ； 家屬支持 ； 回溯資料分析

並列摘要

The main aims of this research were to estimate rates of recidivism and to determine protective factors in relation to drug recidivism during a period of 2 years and 8 months in Keelung utilizing the retrospective data of the Ministry of Justice.
This study randomly sampled 382 drug offenders from 1, 662 persons who committed drug crimes and released from the Keelung Rehabilitation Center before Jan 1, 2003. After removing persons who were deceased and incarcerated because of criminal activities other than illicit drug use, the final study participants were 353 male drug offenders. Of 353 drug offenders, the drug recidivism were 12.5% (44)、33.24% (117)、46.02% (162) and 65.7% (232) within 6 months, 12 months, 24 months and 32 months, respectively.
Results from logistic regression analysis on drug recidivism found that family visiting during incarceration, employment status, and sources of illicit drugs were significant predictors. Namely, family members visited drug offenders during his prison time can protect him from drug re-offence later. Comparatively, unemployment and buying drugs on his own were risk factors associated with drug recidivism. Results from survival analysis found that drug recidivism rate increases sharply at ten-months after release and family visiting was significantly associated with longer duration of re-committing drug offences.
Based on the study results, designing a family support brochure by the Ministry of Justice should be helpful in drug relapse prevention. The content of this family brochure should include information about strategies and skills regarding emotional, tangible, and social support for drug offenders.

並列關鍵字

drug recidivism ； employment ； family support ； retrospective data analysis