- 會議論文
雨刷之預應力分析與振動特性探討
Pre-stressed Analysis and Vibration Characteristic Study for a Wiper
摘要
雨刷在與擋風玻璃接觸受到了輕微的法向力，以使在刷拭過程中能保持接觸。雨刷在刷拭過程可能引起不必要的噪音或振動是重要的議題。本文目的在探討雨刷與擋風玻璃接觸的靜態變形和應力分佈，以及雨刷的振動特性。首先介紹雨刷結構，並規劃探討雨刷之預應力和模態分析的分析方法。在初期研究，以線性和彈性限材料模型假設，構建雨刷包括骨架，橡膠條和關節的有限元素模型。預應力分析係考慮雨刷受法向力安置在擋風玻璃上，以求得雨刷變形和應力分佈，以及橡膠條沿著接觸表面上的反作用力。雨刷橡膠條反作用力以及應力分佈之較小變動量，推定為可減少可能的噪音或振動的較佳設計。也分別對骨架和雨刷進行理論模態分析（TMA），分別針對雨刷在自由邊界以及與擋風玻璃接觸時進行分析，以了解其振動特性，有助於對雨刷之設計考慮。結果顯示，在預應力狀態，雨刷的變形和反作用力可以合理的預測。也可得到可能會引發不必要振動之雨刷振動模態。本文針對雨刷的靜態和模態分析進行理論分析，尚需要實驗之驗證分析，然而，預測的靜態響應和振動模態，仍有助於雨刷的回饋設計。
並列摘要
The wiper in contact with the windshield is subject to a slight normal force to remain the contact during wiping process. The wiper in operating condition probably incurring unwanted noise or vibration is of concern. This work aims to examine the static deformation and stress distribution of the wiper in contact with the windshield as well as the wiper's vibration characteristics. The wiper structure is introduced, and the analytical approach in studying the pre-stressed condition and modal analysis on the wiper is laid out. For the preliminary study, the linear and elastic material model is assumed to construct the finite element model of the wiper, including the skeleton, rubber strip and joints. The pre-stressed analysis of the wiper rested on the windshield is conducted to obtain the structural deformation and stress distribution as well as the reaction force along the rubber strip on the contact surface. The smaller variation of the reaction force and the rubber strip stress is presumed to be better design for reducing the possible unwanted noise or vibration. Theoretical modal analysis (TMA) is also performed on the skeleton and the wiper, respectively. In particular, the wiper in free boundary condition and rested on the windshield are also studied to examine their vibration characteristics for wiper design consideration. Results show the wiper’s deformation and reaction force in the pre-stressed condition can be reasonably predicted. Some vibration modes that may incur the unwanted vibration can also be identified. The work shows the pre-study for theoretical static and modal analysis on the wiper. Experimental work should be followed to validate the analytical results. However, the predicted static response and vibration modes can be useful for the feedback design of the wiper.