小型CNC工具機的電腦輔助工程分析

The Computer-aided Engineering Analysis of Small CNC Machine-tool

黃運琳(Y. L. Hwang) ； 許憲銘(X. M. Xu) ； 賴冠霖(K. L. Lai) ； 陳笛瑋(D. W. Chen) ； 柯竑志(H. C. Ke)

《中華民國振動與噪音工程學會論文集》 2014 (2014/06) Pp. 231-236

摘要

工具機習稱「工作母機」，是工業生產必須的基礎設備。近幾年CNC工具機講求輕量化，但是要在輕量化跟結構強度間取得平衡，本論文主要以小型CNC工具機作為傳動機構的分析對象，將討論小型CNC工具機的撓性零件耦合加工時的傳動機構與承載主結構的撓性振動變形對估算各種力量的動態影響，除了使用ANSYS有限元素分析軟體去設定硬軌機台的有限元素模型，模擬結構系統的理論解析同時把剛體變為撓性體，討論其共振頻率、模態振型和阻尼等，並透過動態分析軟體RecurDyn從事動態剛柔耦合分析，使用RecurDyn裡設定方式使其更接近真實工具機的運作情況，在虛擬仿真的情況下模擬工具機在移動時所產生運動對於撓性件的動態影響與接觸力，並探討撓性件移動時的接觸應力是否接近於實際狀況，RecurDyn接觸設定是將虛擬接觸碰撞模型等效為一個彈簧阻尼系統，設定其接觸剛性值與阻尼值等來模擬接觸狀況，在於當下並沒有正確的數值，影響接觸數值的狀況有很多，一般皆以適當之設定值，至於是否符合實際數據則有待於進一步以經驗值與實驗值驗證。

關鍵字

小型CNC工具機 ； 剛柔耦合 ； 有限元素分析 ； 電腦輔助工程分析 ； 模態振型

並列摘要

Machine-tool is also known as manufacturing machine, it is a basic facilities for industrial production in these days. In recent years, emphasis on lightweight machine tools, but we need to strike a balance between lightweight and structural strength, recent machine tool in the analysis and design of a large proportion, therefore, this thesis use the small CNC machine tools as the object of analysis of the transmission mechanism, a set of improve test dynamic rigidity of the method and technology for small CNC machine tool structure. This paper will discuss the deformation of the flexible vibration of the flexible part of the small CNC machine tools coupled processing transmission mechanism and the bearer of the main structure for estimating the dynamic effects of vibration force, in addition using ANSYS finite element method, to set a finite element model for hard track machine, the body becomes flexible body to use simulate the structural theory analysis, discuss its resonance frequencies, mode shapes and damping, and through RecurDyn analysis software, the tool can simulate the structure generated when the mobile inertial vibration for the dynamic effects of the bed, contact stress at the simulation case, the joint between the structural elements of the small CNC machine tool numerical analysis methods for the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure have a great impact, in this paper, for dynamic structure and machining precision, doing the dynamic analysis and propose appropriate improvement measures.

並列關鍵字

Small CNC machine tool ； Rigid-Flexible coupling ； Finite Element Analysis ； Computer-aided engineering analysis ； Mode Shapes