運轉下迴轉壓縮機之噪音特性與各部位振動聯性探討

Noise Characteristics of Rotary Compressor in Operating and its Correlation Study on Vibration

王栢村(Bor-Tsuen Wang) ； 陳柏儫(Po-Hao Chen) ； 余易璋(Yi-Zhang Yu1) ； 林聖傑(Sheng-Jie Lin) ； 陳金龍(Chin-Lung Chen) ； 王文志(Wen-Chih Wang)

《中華民國振動與噪音工程學會論文集》 2015 (2015/06) Pp. 133-139

摘要

迴轉式壓縮機是冷氣機系統中主要的元件，因應市場上的冷氣機主要以靜音為主要的品質要求，迴轉式壓縮機運轉產生的噪音相當受重視。本文以接受端測試（Receiver Test）及路徑端測試（Path Test）探討迴轉式壓縮機運轉狀態下之振動與噪音之關聯性，穩定運轉於固定轉速在有／無冷媒不同的工況下進行量測。以麥克風量測運轉噪音；加速度計量測壓縮機各位置振動。結果顯示以有／冷媒的噪音與振動特性比較結果得出800、1250Hz高貢獻度頻帶。最後與路徑端測試（Path Test）之實驗模態分析（EMA）與操作模態分析（OMA）結果進行比對，結果得出1250Hz高貢獻度頻帶對應的實驗模態振型與操作模態振型，主要明顯的振動模態有壓縮機本體、儲液瓶、進出口銅管、托架、彎管及腳墊，初步推測噪音可能是由結構共振的影響。未來進行迴轉式壓縮機與冷氣機組裝匹配振動與噪音量測可利用對應之量測位置探討壓縮機組裝在冷氣機上時高噪音貢獻度頻帶，進行噪音診斷找出冷氣機可能之噪音來源。

關鍵字

迴轉式壓縮機 ； 收受端測試 ； 路徑端測試 ； 實驗模態分析 ； 操作模態分析

並列摘要

The rotary compressor is the key component in air. As the sound quality of air conditioner of concern, the noise generation mechanism becomes a critical issue to examine. This work presents both the receiver test (R-Test) and the path test (P-Test), respectively, to study the correlation between noise and vibration of rotary compressor in operating conditions. In particular, since the refrigerant is pumped in high pressure, the experiments are designed to investigate the compressor noise with and without the refrigerant compulsive pressure effects. The radiated sound pressure levels from the compressor are measured by microphones and the vibration response at different locations of the compressor are also measured by accelerometers. The R-Test is mainly to examine the noise and vibration levels and one-third octave band spectra as well as their auto spectra in linear bands. The critical bands of high noise and vibration levels can be identified and majorly contributed from rotating speed harmonics. Some possible structural resonances are also observed. The P-Test, i.e. experimental modal analysis (EMA) and operational modal analysis (OMA), respectively. is then carried out on the rotary compressor to explore the possible cause due to structural resonant effects. Results show the critical bands of high noise levels at 800 and 1250 Hz are obtained by the noise and vibration at with and without refrigerant test. Then, the structural modal parameters of P-Test can be obtained from experimental modal analysis (EMA) and operational modal analysis (OMA), respectively. The critical band of high noise levels corresponding to the experimental mode shapes and operational mode shapes is 1250 Hz. The main mode shapes are including compressor, copper tube, Bracket, Bending of copper tube and vibration absorber. The source of noise is caused by resonance of structural vibration. This experimental approach can also be adopted for air conditioner system of noise and vibration receiver tests. The diagnosis of experimental methodology can be further applied to measure the noise and vibration of the assembly of the rotary compressor into the air conditioner, as well as the study to find the air conditioner system's noise source.

並列關鍵字

rotary compressor ； receiver test ； path test ； experimental modal analysis ； operational modal analysis