臺灣的蒔蘿白粉病及病菌有性世代之發現

Powdery Mildew Fungus Erysiphe Heraclei of Dill and its Perfect Stage in Taiwan

蔡竹固(Jwu-Guh Tsay)

《Transactions of the Mycological Society of Republic of China》 5卷1&2期 (1990/12) Pp. 1-11

https://doi.org/10.7099/TMSRC.199012.0001

摘要

本文初次報導臺灣蒔蘿白粉病發生，白粉病菌的有性世代於1990年2月在嘉義農專實習農場蒔蘿葉片發現。分生孢子單生於孢子梗頂端，無色，單胞，長圓筒形，大小爲30-57.5×10-20μm(39.8×14.5μm)，不含皿狀物。孢子發芽最適溫度為25-30℃之間，15℃下發芽亦頗良好。在52%的低相對濕度下，孢子發芽亦如高濕下良好。接種後孢子迅即發芽，經4小時達最高峰。閉子囊果球形，散生或叢生，直徑57.5-150×75-125μm(114×103μm)，絲狀附屬絲著生於其基部。在閉子囊果內有2-6個橢圓或球形子囊，50-75×37.5-50μm(64.7×41.5μm)。子囊內含2-6個卵形或橢圓形子囊孢子，20-30×10-20μm(26.1×14μm)。根據其繖形花科寄主作物、具有多數不規則分枝的附屬絲及長圓筒形分生孢子，可知木菌屬於Erysiphe heraclei。

關鍵字

蒔蘿白粉病 ； 閉子囊果 ； 附屬絲

並列摘要

This paper reports a newly recorded dill disease, powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe heraclei and its perfect stage, found in February, 1990 at a experimental farm in the campus of the National Chia-Yi Institute of Agriculture in Taiwan. The cleistothecia are globular in shape, scattered or concentrated in clumps mannner on the leaf surface. They are 87.5-150×75-l25μm(l14×l03μm) in diameter. Appendage on the cleistothecia is formed from the base in large number, narrow, mycelium-like, branched, and often interlaced with the mycelium. Within the cleistothecium, 2-6 elliptical or globular asci, 50-75×37.5-50μm(64.7×41.5μm), each containing 2-6 ascospores. Ascospore is ovate to elliptical shape, 20-30×10-20μm (26.1×l4μm) in size. Cylindric conidia, about 30-57.5×10-20μm(39.8×14.5μm), were produced singly, germinate rapidly and produce lobate appressoria, and fibrosin bodies were not detected. Conidium germinated well even at a lower humidity R.H. 52%. The optimum temperature for conidium germination was 25 to 30℃.

並列關鍵字

Erysiphe heraclei ； cleistothecium ； appendage