- 期刊
Immunoprophylaxis against Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Controlled Trial in Infants Born to HBeAg-Negative HBsAg Carrier Mothers in Taiwan
臺灣e抗原陰性帶原孕婦新生兒對B型肝炎免疫預防之對照研究
摘要
為瞭解e抗原陰性帶原母親感染給新生兒的機率，以及應該採取的預防措施乃本研究之目的。 本研究共分三組。第一組在出生後一星期接受5μg之B型肝炎疫苗，然後每個月注射1針，共注射2次，在第12個月給予追加注射1針。第二組除給予B型肝炎疫苗（注射時間如第一組）外，在出生時並增加注射0.5 ml高單位B型肝炎免疫球蛋白。而第三組是家屬拒絕接受疫苗注射，而給予追蹤檢查，視為對照組。 第一組新生兒注射第1針後1個月血中抗體(Anti-HBs)為陽性者為3/21 (14.3%)，而第二組第1個月血中Anti-HBs高達23/24 (95.8%)；注射後第6個月血中Anti-HBs在第一組為76.2%，而第二組為91.7%；最後追蹤至1年2個月（即加強注射2個月後），兩組抗體各為100%及95.8%。對照組在整個追蹤過程中僅有1例在第12個月發生抗體，有1/19例(5.3%)產生表面抗原。 由以上結果顯示，臺灣地區e抗原陰性帶原孕婦之新生兒在出生時，出生後1年感染B型肝炎機會低，但新生兒對B型肝炎疫苗反應相當良好。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
To determine the strategy of interruption of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in infants born to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative (or antibody to HBeAg positive), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers in Taiwan, infants were randomized into three groups. Group Ⅰ initially received three 5 μg doses of vaccine beginning in the first week after birth by the subcutaneous route with one-month interval between doses. A booster dose was given at one year of age. Group Ⅱ received the identical schedule of vaccine plus one dose (0.5 ml) of hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin (HBIG) at birth. Group Ⅲ was the control group and comprised of infants whose parents refused vaccination. In Group Ⅰ, 3/21 (14.3%) developed antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) within one month of age after the first dose of vaccine in contrast to 95.8% (23/24) of infants in Group Ⅱ. Anti-HBs was detected in the serum of 76.2% of Group Ⅰ infants and 91.7% in Group Ⅱ at 6 months of age. 100% and 95.8% of the infants in Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ respectively developed anti-HBs 2 months after having given the booster dose of HBV vaccine. Only one of nineteen infants in the control group had anti-HBs response at 14 months of age. None of the infants except one (5.3%) in the control group became an HBsAg carrier at 14 months of age. These results indicate that the HBV vaccine alone or in conjunction with HBIG at birth provides good protection for infants born to HBeAg-negative, HBsAg carrier mothers and protects against postnatal HBV infection.