Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the liver is a rare disease, with only six cases having been reported in the English literatures. A 63 year-old man had fever, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, anorexia, and body weight loss for one month. The ultrasound and CT scan of abdomen and angiography showed a big tumor mass with fine tumor vessels over right lobe of the liver. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and the tumor was resected. Pathological examination and immunohistochemical studies with both vimetin and a-1 antichymotrypsin confirmed the diagnosis. The patient received another six operations for recurrent tumor within 3 years after the first operation. He is still living and regularly followed up.