明代文人讀書生活的規劃與開展

讀書是文人四季皆宜、不可或缺的人生功課。明代文人對於知識的汲取與學習，常視為人生生涯規劃的重要目標之一。明代文人重視讀書生活的安排，籍由讀書進度的規劃與排定，作為閱讀生活的目標；部分文人則強調選擇讀書的時段，經讀書時段的選定，更能發揮讀書的功效。明代文人喜愛讀書，也兼擅讀書，讀書的方法也因人而異，在選定讀書種類時亦各有所長，嘗試不同性質的各部書典，予以遞換閱讀以便調適心情，避免拘泥於某種情緒之上，倘若搭配人、時、地等不同的情境，更加有助於閱讀的韻致。本文簡明扼要的論述有關明代文人的讀書體驗、精神專一、善疑好問、讀書守靜、閒適自娛、抒懷怡情、以文會友、清談論學等各種生活面向。考察明代文人的讀書規劃與生活開展，可具體了解其生活方式與理念，同時使後人對明代文人精彩、生動的生活文化有更深入的體認。本文共分為：前言、讀書課程的安排、書籍種類的選定、讀書生活的開展等五部分來探究明代文人的讀書生活規劃與開展。

關鍵字

明代；文人；讀書；生活；課程；規劃；開展

並列摘要

Reading is an indispensable work in life for the scholars. It is also an important target to learn and draw knowledge as the career plan. Some scholars in Ming Dynasty focus on the planning of reading life while some of them focus on the time schedule to improve efficiency. The scholars in Ming loved to read, and was also good at reading. There's many ways to read and choose various genre of books. Acting according to circumstances is one of the ways to make the reading more enjoyable. This article summarized some reading experiences, how they plan and launch, in Ming Dynasty. By the process of exploring the planning and launching of the scholars' reading lives, we can understand their ways of living and ideas. This article has five parts, that is Forward, The Management of Reading Classes, The Choosing of Book Genre, The Launching of Reading Lives, and Conclusion.