- 期刊
原住民語言文化保存政策之評估：以語言認證及語言學習證明為例
Evaluating the Policy of Preserving Indigenous Peoples Language and Culture: Examples of Tribal Language Skill and Learning Certifications
摘要
我國原住民族的語言在光復後因政府大力推行國語運動，目前已經瀕臨絕種的危機。原住民委員會在九十二年底宣布，為挽救即將失傳的原住民語言，從九十六年起，原住民及學生必須提出語言文化學習證明，才能享有升學加分優待；九十四年起，要擔任原住民的公務員，也必須通過原住民語言能力認證。由此可知，原住民語言認證的目的已由原來的保存文化、培育師資，擴大為考試資格的前提。語言認證的貢獻在於保存族語及創造學習母語的市場需求。面臨的挑戰則包括緩衝時間過短、公平性、增加原住民負擔、原住民意願不強、標的人口認同及配套措施不足等問題。本文對解決這些問題的建議是：增加語言認證實施緩衝時間、各地成立原住民語言文化中心、成立原住民幼稚園、統一族語書寫系統、語言認證應設分級制度、提昇原住民經濟能力、強化社區與家庭的母語環境、善用電子科技與大眾媒體。
並列摘要
Aboriginal mother tongues are suffering disappearance since government promulgated Mandarin-centered movement after World War Ⅱ. Council of Indigenous Peoples announced that indigenous peoples and students have to obtain tribal language and culture certifications to benefit from the aboriginal privilege in education since 2007. From 2005, aborigines have to pass the tribal language examination in order to qualify a public servant. Therefore, the purposes of tribal language certification has transformed from preserving tribal culture and fostering teachers to examination as a qualification. Tribal language certification contributes to preserving tribal culture and creating a market to learn aboriginal mother tongues. The challenges to the tribal language certification are insufficient preparation period, equity issue, increasing aborigines' burden, lacking of willingness and related policy packages. The study offers the following suggestions to the tribal language certification: increasing the preparation period of implementing tribal language examination, establishing aboriginal language and culture centers and kindergartens all aver the country, unifying the tribal written system, setting up multi-level of tribal language certifications, upgrading the economic capacity of aborigines, reinforcing the tribal language environment of community and family, and exerting media and internet to promote aboriginal culture.