臺灣女性社會角色變遷對親子教育影響之研究

The Impact of Transition of Women's Social Role in Taiwan on Parent-Child Education

邱冠斌(Philip Kuan-Pin Chiu) ； 黃小波(Hsaio-Po Huang)

《中華行政學報》 8期 (2011/06) Pp. 131-155

https://doi.org/10.6712/JCPA.201106_(8).0007

摘要

近年青少年犯罪率大幅上升、失婚人口激增等失衡環境，彰顯台灣社會在傳統家庭結構瓦解、男性家庭地位的傳統認知與現實產生落差的嚴重失序現象。在破而未立的權力結構下，女性真的能放下千古以來家事、育子的擔子？真的能瀟灑地扮演或替代傳統父親的角色？真的能全力在職場衝刺？真的能對家庭、子女的疏忽不自責？在各國政府政策配合與協助下，受19世紀中「人格主義」哲學思想影響的女權主義者提出以終止對女性壓迫為目的之要求即將成真；女性主義者要社會以「平等心」對待女性，社會真正應該重視的是女性既然和男性共同分擔家計，家事和撫育子女亦應男女分工，而非全然地歸屬於女性且為其應盡的義務，此即「性別無差異」的期待；一隻蠟燭幾頭燒，對女性而言是多麼沈重的負擔。本研究即在自省動力下重新思考，昔日由母親擔負的親子教育在解構後責任的歸屬，以及兒童暨青少年偏差行為等問題衍生而來的社會問題究竟應是誰的責任？女性高度社會化後，女性的自我實現和社會價值與家庭角色中極重要的「親子教育」是否相衝突？或女性應大膽與教育子女的角色斷然分割，且要求家庭功能重分配？目前台灣社會對於兩性共同參與親子教育與家庭中的性別責任上尚未建立公平機制，因此本研究建議：1.政策性鼓勵兩性重新思考「就業或回歸家庭」的個別意願，且給予回歸家庭者誘因或補助與居家撫育子女專業訓練，增設「爸爸教室」並強化問題青少年家長個別教育機制。2.政府靈活運用合格離職教師及流浪教師，政策面建立制度化課後照輔制度。政府以青少年是社會資產為由透過社區互助機制，鼓勵與獎勵退休人員投入社輔工作；回歸中國村落氏族群居教育模式，將關懷、教導同村里下一代之責任視為己任。

關鍵字

女性 ； 社會角色 ； 親子教育 ； 女性主義

並列摘要

Unbalanced circumstances such as the substantially rising teenage crime rate and rapidly increasing unmarried population have revealed the collapse of traditional family structure in Taiwanese society and the deviation between reality and past perception of male’s family status.At the same time, can women truly let go their burden of housework and raising children, which they have been doing for thousands of years? Can women just take over the role of traditional fatherhood? Can women really put their full effort on work and neglect their family and children without feeling guilty?Under the support of government’s policies and the influence of personalitism from the nineteenth century, feminists are about to achieve their goal of terminating oppression against women. What the society needs to look into is that men should share the responsibility of housework and raising children as well, since women has to share the responsibility of family livelihood with men. This is the expectation of gender equality. If it is granted that women ought to take all the responsibilities on their shoulder, imagine how heavy the burden would be.This study intended to explore who should take upon the responsibility of child education that has been usually taken care by mother, and the social problems that derived from juvenile problems. Does women’s self realization of social value contradict with their significant family role on child-parent education since women have become more and more socialized? Or should women resolutely divide apart the role of educating child and request for a re-assigning of family function?Men and women haven’t been equally dedicated to child-parent education and shared the family responsibility in the Taiwanese society. Therefore, this research suggests:1. Encourage men and women to think over again their desire of employment or returning to the family, and give reasonable incentives and training on those who return to the family. Establish ”Nanny Class” for male and emphasize on parent education to deal with teenage problems.2. Hire qualified unemployed teachers and resigned teachers to set up a systematic after-school class system. Reward retired workers to devote to social counseling through cooperative mechanism in each community. Re-adopt the classical Chinese rural community style of education and consider teaching and caring the next generation in the same community as one’s own responsibility.

並列關鍵字

Female ； Social role ； Parent-Child education ； Feminism

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