「實境導航，有障無礙」－認知障礙者路徑指引系統

A Wayfinding System for Individuals with Cognitive Impairments

張耀仁(Yao-Jen Chang) ； 蔡士凱(Shih-Kai Tsai) ； 王增勇(Tsen-Yung Wang)

《先進工程學刊》 5卷2期 (2010/04) Pp. 153-160

https://doi.org/10.29948/JAE.201004.0010

摘要

認知障礙者因為腦部處理、儲存、提取與操作運用外界資訊的能力發生障礙，在對於不熟悉的空間，是否能夠獨立行動或是在室內穿梭空間，攸關他們的生活品質。認知障礙者想過著比較獨立的生活而且可以得到訓練或是保有工作，但是在往返工作地點需要搭乘大眾運輸工具感到困難。在室內空間保持定向對認知障礙者來說也可能造成挑戰。本論文透過創新的QR Code虛擬實境導航裝置，在適當位置設置QR Code，需要判斷方向使用者經由手持裝置由QR Code來驅動不同的導航圖片，來幫助認知障礙者，如失憶症、腦部創傷、阿茲海默症、精神分裂、類人格分裂症患者、部分腦性麻痺、發展遲緩者等等，判斷並指引出他們要到達目的地前的各種方向，希望藉此工具來增加他們的工作的機會和比較獨立的生活，建構出一個人性化的智慧型關懷生活空間。

關鍵字

社會服務 ； 路徑指引 ； 認知障礙 ； 輔助科技

並列摘要

A novel wayfinding system is presented with an aim to increase workplace and life independence for people suffering from diseases such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, schizophrenia, Down syndromes, and Alzheimer’s disease. This paper describes an approach to providing distributed cognition support of travel guidance for persons with cognitive disabilities. As this population is very sensitive to issues of abstraction (e.g. icons) and presents the designer with the need to tailor prompts to a 'universe-of-one' the use of images specific to each user and context is implemented. The key to the approach is to spread the context awareness across the system, with the context being flagged by the QR-code tags and the appropriate response being evoked by displaying the appropriate path guidance images indexed by the intersection of specific end-user and context ID embedded in the tags. By separating the context trigger from the pictorial response, responses can be updated independently of the rest of the installed system, and a single QR-code tag can trigger multiple responses in the PDA depending on the end-user and their specific path. A prototype is built and tested in field experiments with real patients. The experimental results show the human-computer interface is friendly and the capabilities of wayfinding are reliable. In this paper, we present a wayfinding prototype system based geo-coded QR codes for individuals with cognitive impairments. The design draws upon the cognitive models of spatial navigation and consists of wayfinding devices and a tracking system. Compared to the sensor network approach, it is easy to deploy because of low cost and short time frame. The prototype is tested with routes on a campus where a rehabilitation trained job coach oversees the process. The results show the prototype is user friendly and promising with high reliability.

並列關鍵字

social service ； wayfinding ； cognitive impairments ； assistive technology