女子棒球選手運動參與歷程與社會支持之探析

A study of female baseball players' sports participation and social supports

陳玟均(Wen-Chun Chen) ； 郭勇志(Yong-Zhi Kuo) ； 徐鈵富(Ping-Fu Hsu)

《臺中教育大學體育學系系刊》 16期 (2021/12) Pp. 1-22

摘要

緒論：本研究旨在瞭解女性參與棒球運動的歷程，並進一步探討女子棒球選手對於社會支持的感受。方法：採用質性探討路徑，進行12人深度訪談，作為資料蒐集與驗證。結果：一、社會女子棒球選手運動參與促進力量如下：（一）家庭從小栽培，並給予情緒精神的鼓勵與物質經濟的支持。（二）教練專業技能的指導與支持的領導風格。（三）隊友間互相鼓勵與陪伴，擁有團隊歸屬感。二、社會女子棒球選手運動參與阻礙力量包括：（一）家庭傳統的升學主義、性別刻板印象及擔心諸多安全問題。（二）教練不當的訓練方式、過度強調戰績的領導風格。（三）隊友間溝通管理的困難、參與積極度不佳、相處時的情感問題。結論：家庭、教練、隊友三面向的社會支持，對於女性棒球選手運動的參與產生促進和阻礙力量，由於研究調查對象為社會業餘球隊隊員，具有較多自主決定與選擇權利的特性，家庭反對力量相對較弱，而同儕之間的相互影響較為明顯，且以隊友的影響力最為關鍵。

關鍵字

女子棒球 ； 社會支持 ； 運動參與

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the history of women's participation in baseball, and to further explore the feelings of female baseball players to social support. The study adopted the qualitative exploration approach which conducted 12 in-depth interviews for data collection and verification. The results showed that there were supports and obstacles toward women's participation in baseball. The powers to push female players' sports participation in the society are as follows: 1. Family cultivates the children's interest in baseball, and gives them emotional or economical supports since the period of childhood. 2. Coach's professional teaching, leadership style of encouragement and support. 3. Mutual encouraging and accompanying among teammates, and the sense of belonging in interaction. Meanwhile, the impediments of female baseball players' sports participation include: 1. Traditional concept of the family to ask child to achieve higher scores and better educational diploma, female stereotype, and worrying about security problems. 2. Coach's improper training methods, and leadership style of emphasizing on competition results. 3. Communication difficulties among teammates, poor participation in team activities, emotional problems with others. Therefore, we can know that the social supports from family, coach, and teammates produce the promoting and hindering power to female baseball players' sports participation. Among them, family is the most common and influential impact. However, this study investigated the amateur team in which participants have more autonomy and right of choices and the family's opposition is relatively weaker. Finally, the mutual influences among peers are evident and the teammates' influences are the most critical.

並列關鍵字

women's baseball ； social support ； sports participation