- 期刊
王安石變法與詩歌之糾葛
The Intertwining of Wang An-she's Political Reform and His Poems
摘要
荊公識略偉抱，尤以道德經濟為己任，誠是唐以降第一等人。然其瑰偉孤特之行，顧以變法故，被謗者且千年，身後紛紛攘攘，未見其真。史稱安石性強忮，遇事無可否，自信所見，執意不回，以厲變法。嗟歟！安石豈有意與人人為敵，而有害天下之心乎？不然以安石高才，致位宰相，得君之專，宜可致神宗為堯舜，尚何以因知人不明、聚歛太急，集眾怨而蒙惡名哉！新法不成雖北宋之不幸，亦荊公之大不幸，致其文學遭污名化，實文學史上特殊之現象。 夫宋人好朋黨伐異而意氣坰深，此新政之所以不成也。安石新法之不成，晚年退居鍾山，從絢爛歸於平淡，詩所以老成；宋人評荊公定林後詩，精深華妙，非少作之比，因有荊公詩暮年方妙之說。 本文從熙寧新法之厲行，釀成新舊黨爭，進而形成文學批評黨爭化著眼，審視安石身後，其文學創造遭持不同政見者的否定，尤其後人以某些偏見或觀點，批判安石詩歌壞人心術、以文濟姦，成亂天下之罪證。此心態乃惡王安石新政，任意貶毀其詩歌價值，以泛政治化論文學之偏見也。
並列摘要
Wang An-she(王安石), a great visionary statesman in the Sung Dynasty, was known for his talent both in politics and writing. Being obsessed with bringing in a better political system and environment for his country, Wang launched an unsuccessful reform movement and thus has been criticized even hundreds of years after his death. He has been accused of being obstinate, indecisive, self-centered, and strict in his political reformation. In other words, his character has probably been much misunderstood. Could it be possible that Wang meant to be an enemy to all people around him or even harm them? Originally, his talents, competence, and his position as prime minister could have guaranteed the success of his political reforms, yet the reforms finally turned out to be a failure due to his personal shortcomings and his ill-fated delegation of power. It is possible that his literary works have also been misunderstood and tarnished by his failure in politics. Critics believe that people in the Sung Dynasty could not witness a sound political system in their country simply because of the hatred and miscommunication between different political parties, and that is the reason that Wang stepped down from the stage and led a literary life after his retirement. Most of his masterpieces appeared in this period, and they give a clear image of his virtuosity. This paper explores Wang's political reforms and also explains how party conflicts at that time led on to other biased criticism of his literary works.